도로변 완충녹지의 식재구조에 따른 초미세먼지(PM2.5)농도 저감효과 연구 - 서울 송파구 완충녹지를 대상으로 - (A Study on Decreasing Effects of Ultra-fine Particles (PM2.5) by Structures in a Roadside Buffer Green - A Buffer Green in Songpa-gu, Seoul -)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국조경학회
· 수록지 정보 : 한국조경학회지 / 46권 / 4호 / 61 ~ 75페이지
· 저자명 : 황광일, 한봉호, 곽정인, 박석철

초록

본 연구의 목적은 도시계획시설로 조성되는 완충녹지가 PM2.5(초미세먼지) 저감에 효과가 있는지를 규명하고, 도로변완충녹지의 구조, 녹량(녹지용적), 식재유형에 따른 초미세먼지 변화량을 분석하여 초미세먼지 저감을 위한 완충녹지조성 시 활용할 수 있는 요소들을 도출하는 것이었다. 연구대상지는 송파구를 선정하였고, 양재대로, 송파대로에 인접한5개의 완충녹지에서 16개 조사구를 선정해 현장조사를 실시하였다. PM2.5 농도 측정결과, 조사구별 평균농도는 계절상관없이 보도 46.6μg/m3, 녹지 45.5μg/m3, 주거지 42.9μg/m3로 모두 도로(53.2μg/m3)보다 낮았으며, 주거지 농도 값이 가장낮았다. 완충녹지의 농도 저감효과 확인을 위해 완충녹지의 녹량과 초미세먼지 상대비율간의 상관관계 분석결과, 교목과관목 전체 녹량이 높은 그룹의 상대비율이 낮은 것으로 확인되어 완충녹지 녹량의 영향력을 증명했으며, 관목 부족형이교목 부족형보다 농도상대비율이 더 높은 것으로 확인되어 관목의 영향이 더 큰 것으로 판단되었다. 교목과 관목의식재구조에 따른 녹피율과 녹지용적계수가 복합적으로 PM2.5 농도 저감에 영향을 미치고 있었으며, 교목의 열수와 관목의층위구조가 PM2.5 농도 저감에 중요한 영향요인으로 판단되었다. 특히, 초미세먼지 농도가 높은 겨울철 완충녹지의 PM2.5농도저감 특성 분석결과, 관목의 녹피율이 중요한 요인이었다.

영어초록

This study aims to verify the effect of green buffers, built as urban planning facilities on the reduction of ultra-fineparticulate(PM2.5) and analyze changes in ultra-fine particles by structure, green volume and planting types of wayside greenbuffers, thus drawing the factors that can be used when green buffers are built to reduce ultra-fine particulate based onthe results. This study selected Songpa-gu, and investigated 16 sites on 5 green buffers adjacent to two of Songpa-gu'smain roads, ‘Yangjaedaero’ and ‘Songpadaero’. This study divided all the green spaces into three different types-slopetype, plain type and mounding type, and analyzed the mean green volume. As a result of measuring the concentrationof PM2.5, this study found that it was 55.5μg/m3 on average in winter, which was a harmful level according to the integratedenvironmental index provided by Seoul City, saying that levels above 50μg/m3 may have a harmful effect on sensitivegroups of people. Particularly, the concentration of PM2.5 was 38.6μg/m3 on average in spring, which exceeded the meanconcentration of PM2.5 in Seoul City in 2015. The mean concentrations of PM2.5 in every investigation spot were 46.6μg/m3for sidewalks, 45.5μg/m3 for green spaces and 42.9μg/m3 for residential areas, all of which were lower than 53.2μg/m3for roads, regardless of the season. The concentration of PM2.5 for residential areas was the lowest. In the stage of confirmingthe effect of green buffers, this study analyzed the correlation between the green volume of vegetation and the fluctuatedrate of ultra-fine particles. As a result, it was found that the green coverage rate of trees and shrubs was related to the crown volume in every investigation spot but were mutually and complexly affected by each other. Therefore, thisstudy judged that the greater the number of layers of shrubs that are made, the more effective it is in reducing the concentrationof PM2.5. As for seasonal characteristics, this study analyzed the correlation between the concentration of PM2.5 for residentialareas in winter and the green coverage rate of each green space type. As a result, this study found that there was a negativecorrelation showing that the higher the shrub green coverage rate is, the lower the concentration value becomes in allthe slope-type, plain-type and mounding-type green spaces. This study confirmed that the number of tree rows and thenumber of shrub layers have negative correlations with the fluctuated concentration rate of PM2.5. Especially, it was judgedthat the shrub green volume has greater effect than any other factor, and each green space type shows a negative correlationwith the shrub coverage rate in winter.

참고자료

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