신개발 심층시비장치를 이용한 심층시비가 벼와 콩 수량에 미치는 영향 (Effect of Fertilizer Deep Placement on Rice and Soybean Yield Using Newly Developed Device for Deep Fertilization)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국환경농학회
· 수록지 정보 : 한국환경농학회지 / 42권 / 1호 / 44 ~ 51페이지
· 저자명 : 홍성창, 김민욱, 김진호

초록

Nitrogen fertilizer is an essential macronutrient that re-quires repeated input for crop cultivation. Excessive use of nitrogen fertilizers can adversely affect the environ-ment by discharging NH3, NO, and N2O into the air and leaching into surrounding water systems through rainfall runoff. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a technology that reduces the amount of nitrogen fertilizer used without compromising crop yields. Fertilizer deep placement could be a technology employed to increase the efficiency of ni-trogen fertilizer use. In this study, a deep fertilization de-vice that can be coupled to a tractor and used to inject fer-tilizer into the soil was developed. The deep fertilization device consisted of a tractor attachment part, fertilizer amount control and supply part, and an underground fer-tilizer input part. The fertilization depth was designed to be adjustable from the soil surface down to a depth of 40 cm in the soil. This device injected fertilizer at a speed of 2,000 m2/hr to a depth of 25 to 30 cm through an under-ground fertilizer injection pipe while being attached to and towed by a 62-horsepower agricultural tractor. Furthermore, it had no difficulty in employing various fertil-izers currently utilized in agricultural fields, and it oper-ated well. It could also perform fertilization and plowing work, thereby further simplifying agricultural labor. In this study, a newly developed device was used to inves-tigate the effects of deep fertilizer placement (FDP) com-pared to those with urea surface broadcasting, in terms of rice and soybean grain yields. FDP increased the number of rice grains, resulting in an average improvement of 9% in rice yields across three regions. It also increased the number of soybean pods, resulting in an average increase of 23% in soybean yields across the three regions. The re-sults of this study suggest that the newly developed deep fertilization device can efficiently and rapidly inject fer-tilizer into the soil at depths of 25 to 30 cm. This fertilizer deep placement strategy will be an effective fertilizer ap-plication method used to increase rice and soybean yields, in addition to reducing nitrogen fertilizer use, under con-ventional rice and soybean cultivation conditions.

영어초록

Nitrogen fertilizer is an essential macronutrient that re-quires repeated input for crop cultivation. Excessive use of nitrogen fertilizers can adversely affect the environ-ment by discharging NH3, NO, and N2O into the air and leaching into surrounding water systems through rainfall runoff. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a technology that reduces the amount of nitrogen fertilizer used without compromising crop yields. Fertilizer deep placement could be a technology employed to increase the efficiency of ni-trogen fertilizer use. In this study, a deep fertilization de-vice that can be coupled to a tractor and used to inject fer-tilizer into the soil was developed. The deep fertilization device consisted of a tractor attachment part, fertilizer amount control and supply part, and an underground fer-tilizer input part. The fertilization depth was designed to be adjustable from the soil surface down to a depth of 40 cm in the soil. This device injected fertilizer at a speed of 2,000 m2/hr to a depth of 25 to 30 cm through an under-ground fertilizer injection pipe while being attached to and towed by a 62-horsepower agricultural tractor. Furthermore, it had no difficulty in employing various fertil-izers currently utilized in agricultural fields, and it oper-ated well. It could also perform fertilization and plowing work, thereby further simplifying agricultural labor. In this study, a newly developed device was used to inves-tigate the effects of deep fertilizer placement (FDP) com-pared to those with urea surface broadcasting, in terms of rice and soybean grain yields. FDP increased the number of rice grains, resulting in an average improvement of 9% in rice yields across three regions. It also increased the number of soybean pods, resulting in an average increase of 23% in soybean yields across the three regions. The re-sults of this study suggest that the newly developed deep fertilization device can efficiently and rapidly inject fer-tilizer into the soil at depths of 25 to 30 cm. This fertilizer deep placement strategy will be an effective fertilizer ap-plication method used to increase rice and soybean yields, in addition to reducing nitrogen fertilizer use, under con-ventional rice and soybean cultivation conditions.

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