농인의 언어권에 대한 법적 보장 - 한국수어법 제정을 중심으로 - (Legislation Research for Guaranteeing the Liguistic Rights of the Deaf - Focused on Enactment of the Korean Sign Language Act -)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 중앙법학회
· 수록지 정보 : 중앙법학 / 17권 / 2호 / 369 ~ 396페이지
· 저자명 : 우주형

초록

농인의 수화는 언어권 보장으로서 접근되어야 한다. 농인은 음성언어인 한국어를 대신하여 한국수어를 제1언어로 사용하여 왔으나, 우리 사회의 수어 사용 환경이 미비하여 한국수어를 기반으로 하는 의사소통․정보이용․학습 등에 많은 제약이 있어왔다. 이러한 결과는 농인으로 하여금 교육, 취업 및 일상생활 등 삶의 모든 영역에서 차별을 겪게 되고 사회적 소외계층이 되게 하는 요인이 되고 있다. 즉 농인의 인권환경이 열악한 주요 원인이 수어 사용 환경이 구축되지 않음에 기인한다고 볼 때, 「한국수어법」제정을 통하여 수어 사용 환경을 변화․발전시켜나간다면 농인의 인권이 신장될 수 있을 것으로 기대할 수 있는 것이다.

영어초록

Linguistic rights of the Deaf is guaranteed as the human rights. Language of the Deaf is sign language. The legal recognition of sign languages has been accomplished in many different areas of the world. And it is connected to the issue of Linguistic Human Rights. Therefore Korean Sign Language and Korean Deaf Culture must have a legal status. Such legal circumstances are based on the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities(2006), which Korea has ratified as well. The duty of States Parties to the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities(CRPD) is to ensure this and as a part of the duty this study is needed to take legal measures. Hence the aim of this study is to recognize the true nature of the deaf community and of Korean Sign Language and to recognize legally as well as to guarantee the status and the right of Korean Sign Language and its users.
Concerning linguistic rights the international law is more advanced than the national law. The linguistic rights are clarified as human rights in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights(Dec 1948), the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights(Covenant A, Dec 1966) and International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights(Covenant B, Dec 1966). From an international view the question of language is seen rather as a linguistic right, that means as a matter of a right to claim than as a matter of policy. The subject of rights is basically the individual. For the individual his or her language(first language or mother tongue) is an integral device to express oneself as a personal autonomic individual and in this point the linguistic right is eligible to be protected by the constitution. In conclusion, enactment of the Korean Sign Language Act will promote the environment of sign language use and gives the legal foundation to increase the human rights of the Deaf.

참고자료

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