섬과 내륙지역의 기상 환경에 따른 교미 여왕벌생산 효율 비교 (A Comparison of Production Efficiency of Mating Queen Bees Based on Weather Conditions of Island and Inland Areas)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국양봉학회
· 수록지 정보 : Journal of Apiculture / 29권 / 4호 / 263 ~ 270페이지
· 저자명 : 이수진, 권천락, 김인석, 윤광순, 이병일, 이장범, 최경, 최효열, 홍호진

초록

섬과 내륙지역의 교미 여왕벌 생산 효율을 알아보기 위해 일별 및 월별 기상 환경에 따른 왕대 이식률,산란율, 첫 산란소요일수를 조사하였다.
섬과 내륙의 기후변화에 따른 여왕벌 교미시기를조사한 결과 섬이 내륙보다 첫 산란소요일수가 10일길고, 산란율은 13.3%로 낮게 나타나 섬이 내륙보다여왕벌 교미시기가 늦다는 것을 알 수 있다.
섬에서의 여왕벌 최적교미시기를 조사한 결과 섬의 여왕벌 교미 최적기상조건은 낮 최고기온 20℃ 이상, 풍속 1.0~1.3m/로 나타났다. 위도지역을 격리교미장으로 이용하고자 하는 경우 연도별 기상의 차이는있지만, 4월 25일 이후에 벌통을 옮겨 교미를 시키는것이 좋을 것으로 생각된다.
국내의 다른 섬을 이용할 경우 기상 환경을 분석한후 여왕벌 최적 교미시기에 맞추어 여왕벌 양성을 실행해야 한다.

영어초록

The ideal mating season of queen bees and the production efficiency of mating queen bees inisland and inland areas were explored on an island called Wido which is 15km away from an inlandregion. This research was conducted so as to preserve honeybee lineages. In order to compare amating season of queen bees on an island with that in an inland area, 10 drone colonies, 10organized queenless colonies, and 60 queen bees were raised. The rates of grafting queen cells,the rates of oviposition, and the priod needed for the first oviposition was examined from March26th to May 20th. In addition, with a view to find out an ideal mating season of queen bees in anisland, 10 drone colonies, 10 organized queenless colonies, and 480 queen bees were raised. Therates of grafting queen cells, the rates of oviposition and the number of days needed for the firstoviposition were examined on the basis of daily and monthly weather environments. Because ofweather differences between island and inland areas, research on the mating season of queenbees resulted in different rates of grafting queen cells as follows; 93% on the island, and 100% inthe inland area. This finding resulted from a lower temperature and stronger winds in an island. Therate of oviposition on the island was 50% and that of the inland area was 86.7%. The priod neededfor the first oviposition was 21 days on the island and 10 days in an inland area, respectively, whichshows a huge discrepancy between them. The first oviposition dates on the island were all on May1st, but those in the inland area varied depending on time and seasons. As for the perfect matingseason of queen bees, the rates of grafting queen cells were 91% in the first experiment, 96% inthe second, and 98% in the third. Meanwhile, the rates of oviposition were 37% in the first, 63% inthe second, and 71% in the third, which indicates large differences, depending on maximumtemperature and wind speed. The numbers of days needed for the first oviposition were 27 days inthe first, 21 days in the second, and 16 days in the third. The later dates of grafting queen cells wasgetting, the shorter the priod needed for the first oviposition weas. The oviposition dates were all on May 1st, as mentioned above. In conclusion, even though the rate of oviposition on the island was36% lower than that of the inland area, islands would be better for isolated mating spaces for thepurpose of preserving honeybee lineages. According to the findings of these experiments, whenislands are used as isolated mating spaces, it is advisable that mating should be done under thefollowing conditions; wind speed less than 1.5m/s, maximum temperature above 20°C and movinghives should be done after April 25th.

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