고려말 박위(朴葳)의 생애와 군사·정치 활동 (Construction of the Fortresses and Military Activities of Park We in the Late Goryeo Dynasty)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국중세사학회
· 수록지 정보 : 한국중세사연구 / 69호 / 141 ~ 186페이지
· 저자명 : 이소영

초록

朴葳는 迂達赤로 벼슬을 시작하여, 禑王 대에 金海副使를 역임하며 지방관으로 나아가 倭寇 토벌 활동에 전념하였다. 1388년(우왕 14) 요동 정벌이 시작되자 박위는 慶尙道上元帥로 출정하였다가 威化島回軍에 참여하였다. 1389년(昌王 원년) 박위는 李成桂와 함께 恭讓王 옹립을 주도함으로써 이른바 공신의 반열에 올랐다. 이후 박위는 공신의 반열에 올랐음에도 불구하고 金宗衍 모의사건에 연루되어 숙청의 대상이 되었고, 1390년(공양왕 2) 豐州로 유배되었다.
박위는 朝鮮 건국 후 1393년(太祖 2) 복직되어 節制使에 이어 參贊門下府事로 임명되었으나, 이듬해 왕씨 모의사건에 또다시 연루되어 파직당하였다. 이후 박위의 행적은 만 3년 동안 기록이 없다. 공신이었음에도 정치적 사건에 연루되며 탄핵을 당했던 박위는 정계에서 활동하는 것에 크게 갈등하였던 것이 아닌가 한다. 1398년(태조 7) 참찬문하부사로 복직되었고, 都提調를 겸직하며 정계로 재기하는 듯하였다. 그러나 동년 靖安君 李芳遠이 주도한 ‘1차 왕자의 난’으로 생을 마감하게 하였다.

영어초록

Park We is the progenitor of the Milseong Park clan Jeongguk faction, and his birth year is unknown. It was confirmed that Park We started his post as Udalchi at the late Goryeo, served as the chief of four regions, and served four times as a military officer in the southern provinces. He was also the person who led the construction of the fortress as an alternative solution during the period when Japanese invasions did not cease. By quickly reading the characteristics of the region and the flow of the times, he was well aware of the importance and necessity of the fortress. The fact that Park We served as the head of the Gyeongsangdo region and supervised the 4 constructions of the fortifications is the part that shows a big difference from the heads of other regions.
In 1388, when the conquest of Yodong began, Park We went to the head of Gyeongsangdo Sangweonsu, and joined the Wihwadohoe army in agreement with Lee Seong-gye. At the late Goryeothe period, the first conquest of Daema-do was carried out by Park We. The conquest of Daema-do is of great significance as it was the first active response of Goryeo in about 40 years after the invasion of the Japanese in the year of Gyeongin (1350).
After that, Park We raised King Gongyang to the throne of the dynasty and rose to a meritorious retainerthe, he was involved in the Kim Jong-yeon conspiracy and became the target of purges, and in 1390 he was exiled to Pungju. Park We’s exile was a result of his political inclinations not being revealed, and it could be said that it meant a confrontation between Lee Seong-gye, who believed that he shared the same thoughts with Park We, and the forces that had no choice but to weigh Park We’s political views.
After the founding of the Joseon Dynasty, in 1393, Park We was reinstated into politics, but the following year, he was sacked after being involved again in a conspiracy of the Wang clan. After that, there is no record of Park We’s actions for three years. Park We, who was impeached for his involvement in political events even though he rose to a meritorious retainerthe, must have had great conflicts with his activities in politics. In 1398, Park We was reinstated to Chamchanmunhabusa and seemed to be recovering from his political activities, but he died in the first prince’s rebellion in Lee Bang-won in the same year.
Park We was not a person who led a faction or actively established his position by putting his political views at the fore. It is not known whether the process of being impeached for being involved in an unsavory incident is true, but it seems certain that Lee Seong-gye and his soldiers returned from Wihwado and shared the will to establish a new dynasty. As a military officer who served as a high-ranking officer at the late Goryeo, he took the lead in the Japanese subjugation and made a major achievement, but his life came to an unfortunate end.
This thesis restores the life and activities of Park We as a whole and intends to conduct an in-depth study on the construction of fortresses and the conquest of Daema-do among the activities that were focused on as an alternative to the Japanese subjugation. In particular, by tracing and examining the background and process of the construction of the fortress, it is intended to re-evaluate his appearance as a military commander in relation to the military activities of Park We.

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