이스라엘의 이주노동자 유입과 도시공간의 변화 - 텔아비브 네베셰아난의 이주민 엔클레이브 형성 - (Labor Migrants and Urban Transformation in Israel-The Formation of Migrant Enclave in Neve Sha’anan, Tel Aviv-)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 부산외국어대학교 지중해지역원
· 수록지 정보 : 지중해지역연구 / 17권 / 1호 / 101 ~ 133페이지
· 저자명 : 임안나

초록

This article examines the ways in which a distinct migrant enclave for temporary labor migrants is developed in a particular context of Israel. Although enclaves are indeed neither a new phenomenon nor one occurring exclusively with any particular group, the patterns and conditions of formation vary dramatically by contexts. Through the case study of Filipino migrants, this article explores how the Neve Sha'anan neighborhood of Tel Aviv, which is known as the 'capital of the foreign workers (Kara 2001),' is dynamically shaped and sustained as the greatest migrant settlement in the country. Under the Israeli migration regime, which aims to sustain its character as an immigration country for Jews only, the migrant workers are constantly in demand yet never permitted to live permanently. Nonetheless, Filipino migrants, whose presence is legitimated solely by their laboring function as live-in care-givers, constitute the majority of the foreign populations in the neighborhood and struggle to build their own space through a variety of activities as well as their ongoing presence.
This article attempts to delineate the formation of a migrant enclave, drawing the historical and economic contexts, labor policies both at state and municipality levels, migrant networks, geographical conditions, and the work conditions as well as the migrants' social status in Israel. As the economic hub of the country, Tel Aviv city provides not only greater job opportunities for the foreign residents but the basic social rights such as education and health on the basis of corporation policy that bypasses the national system. Particularly, Neve Sha'anan neighborhood is the dominant absorber of foreign migrants due to the cheap housing, easy access, and the development of social and economic services that meet the migrants' distinct needs. Significantly, the shared flat which sprouted out the neighborhood plays a pivotal role in attracting the migrants by providing a key site for community formation and a shelter space for the live-in care-givers with marginal status and vulnerable work conditions. Through this examination, this article reveals that the combined effects of these conditions listed above result in sustaining the influx of migrants into the neighborhood and characterizing the urban periphery as a social and economic center for the migrants.

영어초록

This article examines the ways in which a distinct migrant enclave for temporary labor migrants is developed in a particular context of Israel. Although enclaves are indeed neither a new phenomenon nor one occurring exclusively with any particular group, the patterns and conditions of formation vary dramatically by contexts. Through the case study of Filipino migrants, this article explores how the Neve Sha'anan neighborhood of Tel Aviv, which is known as the 'capital of the foreign workers (Kara 2001),' is dynamically shaped and sustained as the greatest migrant settlement in the country. Under the Israeli migration regime, which aims to sustain its character as an immigration country for Jews only, the migrant workers are constantly in demand yet never permitted to live permanently. Nonetheless, Filipino migrants, whose presence is legitimated solely by their laboring function as live-in care-givers, constitute the majority of the foreign populations in the neighborhood and struggle to build their own space through a variety of activities as well as their ongoing presence.
This article attempts to delineate the formation of a migrant enclave, drawing the historical and economic contexts, labor policies both at state and municipality levels, migrant networks, geographical conditions, and the work conditions as well as the migrants' social status in Israel. As the economic hub of the country, Tel Aviv city provides not only greater job opportunities for the foreign residents but the basic social rights such as education and health on the basis of corporation policy that bypasses the national system. Particularly, Neve Sha'anan neighborhood is the dominant absorber of foreign migrants due to the cheap housing, easy access, and the development of social and economic services that meet the migrants' distinct needs. Significantly, the shared flat which sprouted out the neighborhood plays a pivotal role in attracting the migrants by providing a key site for community formation and a shelter space for the live-in care-givers with marginal status and vulnerable work conditions. Through this examination, this article reveals that the combined effects of these conditions listed above result in sustaining the influx of migrants into the neighborhood and characterizing the urban periphery as a social and economic center for the migrants.

참고자료

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