코로나 팬데믹과 중국 국가-사회 관계의 변화전망: 정부와 사회조직의 전략적 행위 분석을 중심으로 (Corona Pandemic and Prospects for Change in China’s State-Society Relationship: Focusing on the Analysis of Strategic Behavior of Government and Social Organizations)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 인제대학교 민주주의와 자치 연구소
· 수록지 정보 : 비교민주주의연구 / 16권 / 2호 / 91 ~ 130페이지
· 저자명 : 정주영

초록

본 연구는 코로나 팬데믹의 위기 상황이 중국 정부와 사회조직 간 관계 변화의변수가 될 수 있는지를 분석해 보고자 하였다. 사스와 쓰촨 대지진이라는 두 번의 초대형 재난 경험을 통해 국가의 위기가 국가-사회 관계에 변화를 가져올 수있음이 입증되었다. 그러나 시진핑 정부의 코로나 방역 과정에서 시민사회의 참여가 독려되었고, 사회조직들의 방역 활동이 긍정적으로 평가되었지만, 기실 이것은 정부의 의식적 설계하에서 작동한 것이었을 뿐 사회조직의 자율성이 확대된 것은 아니었다. 시진핑 정부의 사회조직에 대한 ‘적아적 접근(a friend-or-foe approach)’에 기반한 ‘선제적 예방 전략’과 사회조직의 ‘서비스 기구화 전략’, 그리고 사회조직의 ‘자기 보존적 귀속전략’은 향후 오랜기간 유지될 것이며, 국가의 권위주의적 통제를 받는 국가-사회 관계의 변화 또한 요원해보인다.

영어초록

This study attempted to analyze whether the crisis situation of the corona pandemic can be a variable which can bring about a change in the relationship between the Chinese government and social organizations.
Through the experiences of two mega-disasters, the SARS and Sichuan earthquakes, it has been proven that a national crisis can bring a change in state-social relations. The government and social organizations, which are strategic actors based on rational choices, have built disaster governance of mutual cooperation and allowance in the face of national crisis. However, China made a different choice in a crisis of ‘corona’, which is similar to the previous disaster, but the intensity is much stronger. The Xi Jinping administration created a strong government-led governance structure and allowed only the activities of social organizations that were legally approved by the government. Civil society participation was encouraged in this coronavirus quarantine process, and the quarantine activities of social organizations were evaluated positively. In fact, this was operated under the conscious design of the government, but did not expand the autonomy of the social organization. The Xi Jinping administration has two strategies for social organization: preemptively prevent the growth of social organization and make social organization a service instrument. The social organization’s strategy for government is to be attributed to the government to preserve itself. This strategy will be maintained for a long time in the future, and the state-society relationship under the authoritarian control of the state will not change significantly. However, the fact that governments and social organizations are strategic actors raises expectations for future change.

참고자료

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