한국 정당의 특징 및 선거전문가정당에 관한 연구: 16대･17대 대통령 선거를 중심으로 (Study on the Characteristics of Korean Political Parties and Electoral-professional Party: Focusing on the 16th & 17th Presidential Elections)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 경북대학교 사회과학연구원
· 수록지 정보 : 사회과학담론과 정책 / 3권 / 1호 / 1 ~ 26페이지
· 저자명 : 박윤희

초록

민주화이후 한국정치는 지역･이념･세대 등의균열구조로고착화되어왔고 정당의 수직적이고 위계적인 조직은 유권자의 조직적 동원을 가능하게 함으로서 각 선거의 결과를예측가능하게했다. 그러나최근한국정치에서나타나고있는투표유동성의증가나정당일체감의약화, 정당지지의재편현상, 새로운정보통신매체의발달로인한선거정치환경의 변화등의양상은기존정당들의확고한 지역적 기반을 와해시키고있으며 정당의 변화를 이끌고 있다. 이는 서구민주주의 국가들에서 계급대중정당들이 맞닥뜨리게 되는 정당위기의 양상들과 유사하다. 서구에서는 대중정당 이후의 정당정치를 설명하기 위한 이론으로 카르텔정당(cartel party)이나 포괄정당(catch-all party), 선거-전문가정당(electoral -professional party) 등을 제시하였다. 본 논문에서는 이와 같은 이론들이 한국적 상황에서도적실성이있는가를살펴보고자한다. 또한기존연구를살펴보면한국정당은카르텔정당이나포괄정당의성격을지니고 있으나선거전문가정당으로변모하고있는지에관한구체적인선행연구가많지않다. 뿐만아니라한국정당이파네비앙코(Panebianco)가제시한선거전문가정당적특징을가지고있는지를대선을통해분석한논문은없었다. 이에이론적 틀로서 파네비앙코의 선거전문가정당을 토대로 16･17대 대선에서 정당공약과 후보자당선결과를통해선거전문가정당으로변모했는지를살펴보고자한다.

영어초록

After the democratization, the Korean politics have fixed into the structure of regional, ideological and generational rifts and the vertical and hierarchical organization of political parties allowed to predict the outcome of each election as it enabled systematic mobilization of the eligible voters. However, the aspects such as the voting fluidity increase that is being displayed in the recent Korean politics, weakening of solidarity of political parties, phenomenon of the reorganization of party support or the changes in the electoral politics environment resulting from the advancement of new information and communication media are disintegrating the firm regional foundation of the existing parties and leading the change of political parties. This is similar to the aspect of political party crisis faced by the class mass political parties in the Western democratic nations. In the West, the parties such as cartel party, catch-all party or electoralprofessional party were presented as the theory of explaining the political party politics after the mass political parties. In this thesis, the legibility of such theories in the Korean situations will be examined. Also, looking at the existing studies reveal that there are not many detailed preceding studies on how the Korean political parties are changing into electro-professional party even though they have the characteristics of cartel party or catch-all party. Furthermore, there hasn't been any thesis that analyzed the electoral-professional party characteristics that was presented by Panebianco in the Korean political parties through presidential elections. Accordingly, based on the electoral-professional political party by Panebianco as its theoretical frame, it seeks to examine the changes into electoral-professional political party through the public pledges of political parties and the results of the candidates' winning the elections in the 16th & 17th presidential elections.

참고자료

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