高句麗 守墓發令碑에 대한 接近 (An Analytic Approach to a Stone Monument Specifying Rules on Maintaining Goguryeo’s Royal Tombs)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국사상사학회
· 수록지 정보 : 한국사상사학 / 43호 / 85 ~ 116페이지
· 저자명 : 이도학

초록

2013년 1월 4일자 「中國文物報」에 따르면 중국 吉林省 集安市 麻線鄕 麻線村 주민이 2012년 7월29일 麻線河 가에서 발견한 비석을 集安市 文物局에 신고했다. 문물국은 현장에 조사팀을 파견해 비석에 새겨진 글자를 정밀 조사한 결과 고구려 비석임을 확인했다고 「중국문물보」는 전했다.
그럼에 따라 본 비석의 존재는 한국 학계의 비상한 주목을 받게 되었다. 몇 차례 분석을 통해 본 비석의 성격에 대한 논의가 오갔다. 본비의 내용은 「광개토왕릉비문」의 수묘제 규정과 유사한 구절이 많았다. 그런데 광개토왕의 수묘제에 관한 敎言은 장수왕대에 시행된 것으로 간주하여 왔다. 그러나 본비를 통해 광개토왕 생전에 수묘제에 관한 일련의 정비가 시행되었음을 알 수 있었다. 한편 본비의 성격을 守墓碑로 간주하는 견해가 많았지만 守墓發令碑로 지목하는 게 맞다. 즉 本碑는 고구려 各 王陵에 墓上立碑 형태로 존재했던 게 아니었다. 그리고 고구려 왕릉 구역에서 떨어진 하천에서 발견된 것을 볼 때 특정 왕릉과 결부 짓기는 어려웠다. 아울러 수묘제에 관한 서술이 특정 비문을 가리킨다기 보다는 개괄적인 서술로 일관하였다. 따라서 本碑는 고구려 各 王陵에 墓上立碑 형태로 존재했던 게 아니었음을 알 수 있었다. 곧 왕릉 守墓와 관련한 發令을 기록한 碑로 간주되어졌다.

영어초록

According to a report of China Cultural Relics News released on January 4, 2013, a resident of Maseon－chon, Maseon－hyang, Ji’an, Jilin in China reported a stone monument he found near Maseon River on July 29, 2012 to the Cultural Relics Department of Ji’an. The newspaper also said that an investigation team from the Cultural Relics Department had been sent to conduct a thorough examination on the letters engraved on the stone and found out that it had been built by Goguryeo Kingdom.
For this reason, the existence of this stone monument has attracted a great deal of Korean scholarly attention; and a series of analyses and discussions about the significance and meaning of this stone monument were carried out. According to the analyses, it was discovered that the content of it contained quite a lot of phrases similar to the rules on how to manage royal tombs defined on 「the Monument of King Gwanggaeto the Great」. The words on the management of the tomb of King Gwanggaeto the Great had been considered to be made in the period of King Jangsu. The content of this stone monument, however, indicated that a series of measures to maintain the royal tomb had been performed during the time when King Gwanggaeto the Great was alive. Meanwhile, quite a few scholars considered the purpose of it as a tombstone related to the management of royal tombs; however, it is correct to define its nature as a stone monument to specify laws to maintain royal tombs. That is, it was not a tombstone that was built in the area of each royal tomb. Furthermore, it was not reasonable to relate it to a certain royal tomb considering that it was discovered in a river away from the area of the royal tombs of Goguryeo. In addition, the content of it consistently stated the overall aspect of how to maintain royal tombs rather than containing passages specifying a certain royal tomb. From these facts, it can tell that it is not a tombstone that was established near a royal tomb of Goguryeo. Therefore, it is considered to be a stone monument that specifies laws related to the management of royal tombs.

참고자료

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