中國古代의 守墓制度 (A Study on the System for Tending Tombs in Ancient China)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 동양사학회
· 수록지 정보 : 동양사학연구 / 124호 / 1 ~ 59페이지
· 저자명 : 윤재석

초록

Since the Yin(殷) and Zhou(周) Dynasties, the ancient Chinese had buried a number of burial goods around the dead body under the idea of the immortality of the soul. This trend was especially notable in the tombs for the ruling class including King. However, as tombs had had mounds and been in a bigger size since the Warring States(戰國) period, there was a higher risk of tomb robbery. In this regard, the authority enacted a law to stop the tomb robbery and dispatched the armed caretaker of a tomb to guard the grave. Such system was maintained by the immigrant country of tomb counties from the period of Emperor Qin Shi Huang(秦始皇帝) to Emperor Yuandi (元帝) of the early Han(漢) Dynasty (BC 40) when it came to royal tombs. In this time, the system for tending tombs included tending royal tombs and memorial services that take place surrounding the royal tomb. The tombs of royal family and the high class were maintained by the national system for tending tombs, which continued to be implemented in the late Han(後漢) Dynasty as well as the Period of Disunity, also known as the Wei and Jin(魏晋), and the Southern and Northern Dynasties. The size of the tomb caretakers’ village varied on the class of the buried person from 5,000 to tens of thousands houses for royal tombs and 5 houses at a minimum. The basic unit composing the village was 5 houses, which is assumed to be set based on Shiwu System, the implicative system of the Qin and Han(秦漢) Dynasties. Regarding the class of the caretakers, those assigned to the tombs of emperors and the high class consisted of officials and ordinary people while those for ordinary personal tombs were estimated to be ordinary people as well as slaves.

영어초록

Since the Yin(殷) and Zhou(周) Dynasties, the ancient Chinese had buried a number of burial goods around the dead body under the idea of the immortality of the soul. This trend was especially notable in the tombs for the ruling class including King. However, as tombs had had mounds and been in a bigger size since the Warring States(戰國) period, there was a higher risk of tomb robbery. In this regard, the authority enacted a law to stop the tomb robbery and dispatched the armed caretaker of a tomb to guard the grave. Such system was maintained by the immigrant country of tomb counties from the period of Emperor Qin Shi Huang(秦始皇帝) to Emperor Yuandi (元帝) of the early Han(漢) Dynasty (BC 40) when it came to royal tombs. In this time, the system for tending tombs included tending royal tombs and memorial services that take place surrounding the royal tomb. The tombs of royal family and the high class were maintained by the national system for tending tombs, which continued to be implemented in the late Han(後漢) Dynasty as well as the Period of Disunity, also known as the Wei and Jin(魏晋), and the Southern and Northern Dynasties. The size of the tomb caretakers’ village varied on the class of the buried person from 5,000 to tens of thousands houses for royal tombs and 5 houses at a minimum. The basic unit composing the village was 5 houses, which is assumed to be set based on Shiwu System, the implicative system of the Qin and Han(秦漢) Dynasties. Regarding the class of the caretakers, those assigned to the tombs of emperors and the high class consisted of officials and ordinary people while those for ordinary personal tombs were estimated to be ordinary people as well as slaves.

참고자료

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