探究韓日兩語對中文詞彙的影響 -以“國民”一詞爲例- (Study on the Influence of Korean and Japanese on Chinese with “Guomin” as an example)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국아시아학회
· 수록지 정보 : 아시아연구 / 24권 / 2호 / 233 ~ 248페이지
· 저자명 : TIAN YU

초록

韓中日三國作爲東亞漢字文化圈國家, 自古交往密切, 由于長時間語言上的相互交流和接觸, 使彼此的語言都産生了一定的影響。然而現在學界只注重考察漢語對韓日兩國語言帶來的影響而忽略了韓日兩國語言對漢語産生的影響, 因次本文以此爲切入點, 通過同時受到韓日影響的“國民”一詞爲例展開論述, 以此證明韓日對漢語詞彙産生的影響。
“國民”一詞最早可以追溯到兩千多年的春秋戰國時期, 之後隨着各歷史時期的變遷以及國內外環境, 特別同時受韓日兩語的作用和影響, 使其在語義和語用上都發生了極大的變化。這一變化經歷了從古代時期的萌芽, 近代西學東漸時西方新文明·新槪念受容後的頻繁使用, 1949年中國人民政治協商會議後“國民”一詞的空前盛行到改革開放時期以後的漸漸衰退, 再到今天受韓語的影響作爲流行語的升溫, 都深深地打上了每個時代的烙印, 鑒証了它隨時代的變遷而變化。本文試圖從語言接觸的觀點以“國民”一詞爲例, 利用古典文獻, 近現代歷史資料以及語料庫作爲實證依據, 運用史料對比分析的硏究方法, 揭示受韓日兩語影響後的“國民”一詞在語義及語用的變化, 意在爲彌補字典上注解的不足提供一些參考。

영어초록

Based on the theory of contact linguistics, this paper discussed the influence of Korean and Japanese on Chinese with “Guomin” as an example through the analysis of the classical literature, historical materials, dictionary and corpus.
“Guomin” is one of the key words in study from the view of historical progress. As a compound noun of modern conceptual word, it is frequently used in East Asian countries. This word first appeared in the Chinese classic “Zuozhuan”. The ancient “Guomin” referred to “common people”. In the end of 19th century and the early days of 20th century, the word of “Guomin”the meaning was deeply influenced by Japanese, it has new connotation of “right, participating in ruling affairs, being the masters of the country”. The chronological changes of it’s meaning reflected the developing track of modern thinking transformation clearly. As a new concept of “nation” of Western language, “Guomin” got this new meaning has been introduced to China and used frequently during the time until 1949. The meaning of the word has gone through several periods of development. After the last period of the last use of the new China, it gradually withdrew from the historical stage. But recently the word “Guomin” is deeply influenced by Korean, it is commonly used as a buzzword on the various press media, for example, the expression of “Guomin wife”, “Guomin sheet” derived from “Guomin” is more popular among young people.

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