원자력 발전소 폐로법제에 관한 연구 (A Study on the Law System of Decommissioning Nuclear Plant)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국부동산학회
· 수록지 정보 : 부동산학보 / 70호 / 152 ~ 166페이지
· 저자명 : 이우도

초록

1978년 고리 제1호기의 상업운전 가동을 시작으로 한국의 경제발전의 원동력이 되었던 원자력 발전시설은 최근 국내외에서 사건․사고가 다양하게 발생함에 따라 위험에 관한 국민의 우려도 점차 증가하여 설계수명이 다한 원자력 발전시설의 폐기 필요성이 현실화 되고 있다. 현재 설계수명이 다한 원자력발전소는 고리1호기, 월성1호기 2개 호기이며, 시간이 갈수록 계속 늘어나 2020년까지 모두 12기가 된다. 10년 이내에 10여기를 동시에 폐로하는 경우 법률적, 경제적, 기술적으로 엄청난 부담이 될 것으로 예상된다. 도시에 근접한 원자력발전소 폐기 시 준수하여야 할 개별적․구체적인 프로세스에 의한 법적 절차와 재정 확보가 필히 마련되어야 할 것이다. 폐로 비용과 관련해서는 현재 장부상 ‘원전해체 충당금’이란 이름으로 발전소 1기당 6,000여억 원이 정해져 있는 상황이나 동 비용에 대하여 별도의 기금으로 관리하여야 한다는 주장은 반영되지 않고 있다. 특히, 폐로 시 발생할 수 있는 엄청난 피해 사고를 예방하기 위해서는 구체적인 책임을 물을 수 있도록 사전에 법률로써 규정함으로써 ‘죄형법정주의’에 부합할 것이며, 그 임무의 중대성에 대한 경각심을 불러일으킬 수 있을 것이다.

영어초록

1. CONTENTS (1) RESEARCH OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study is to build an effective law system of safely decommissioning Nuclear Plant.


(2) RESEARCH METHOD The research methods are longitudinal and horizontal studies by comprehensive approach. : The theory of real estate is difficult to systematize by approaching a fragmentary aspect of a discipline, understanding real estate as a compound concept such as legal, economic, and technological aspect is needed.
This study compares domestic systems of decommissioning Nuclear Plant with those of foreign countries.


(3) RESEARCH FINDINGS Also examines the current system of nuclear-related laws and regulations, 13 Acts exist including “Nuclear Energy Promotion Act”, “Nuclear Safety Act”, etc. And safety laws related to nuclear facilities exists 7 Acts including “Nuclear Safety Act”, etc.
And the seven laws are composed of 105 legislations. They have lower statute of 8 Presidential Decrees, 4 Primeministrial Decrees, 2 Ministrial Decrees, 82 administrative rules(orders), 2 legislations of local self-government aself-governing body.


2. RESULTS For above comprehensive approach, the paper concludes as follows.
First, it would be appropriate to add the definition of the term “nuclear power generation facility” and associated facilities, “reactor” to the “Nuclear Safety Act” and to revise the existing “dismentalment” to “decommissioning”. Secondly, in the event of a nuclear accident, measures can not be taken and the scope of liability can not be determined based on the principle of ‘criminal statutory principle’, so additional legislation and supplementation are necessary. In addition, regarding the cost of dismantling, it is reasonable to make a separate fund. Third, Gesetz formulated by the National Assembly shall be directly delegated to the Presidential Decree not to the Administrative Rules. Fourth, recycling of NPP sites should be revised through the agreement of residents under the principle of the most effective use of real estate. Fifth, whether infringement of property rights related to decommissioning and compensation for damages or not is first to be solved by damages that based on unlawful or lawful acts in accordance with the existence of legal ground. In order to compensate for indirect loss and psychological loss, it will be in accordance with the principle of guarantee of property rights and fair compensation in the Constitution. Finally, it is necessary to legislate the relevant legislation for the establishment of the spent nuclear fuel storage facility which is now pending in the National Assembly.

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