「砍頭」事件與後殖民創傷：八田與一的文化再現與台日關係的解殖挑戰 (‘The Beheading Incident’ and Postcolonial Trauma: The Cultural Representation of Hatta Yoichi and the Decolonization Challenges in Taiwan-Japan Relations)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국외국어대학교 대만연구센터
· 수록지 정보 : 대만연구(臺灣硏究) / 25호 / 93 ~ 109페이지
· 저자명 : 王威智

초록

文藝創作不僅是個人思緒的表達，更是歷史和記憶再現的重要媒介，為探討台灣後殖民創傷表徵提供了有力的途徑。本研究從記憶研究的角度，聚焦於八田與一（1886-1942）相關文藝作品，分析台灣、日本與中國之間的後殖民情感糾葛。本文的發想來自2017年4月15日，八田與一在烏山頭水庫的塑像被「砍頭」的事件。八田與一是嘉南大圳的設計者，他的功績被載入台灣教科書，並廣受台灣和日本政界與民眾的推崇。然而，這位在歷史上被視為「良善文化他者」的人物，為何在2017年遭遇如此對待？正如清水美里所言，八田與一在歷史脈絡中並不具備現今的高知名度，顯示其形象是隨著歷史文本的建構逐漸演變的。本文認為，八田與一的「砍頭」事件應被視為貝伊斯（Timothy Bewes）所提出的「後殖民恥辱事件」（The Event of Postcolonial Shame），迫使我們重新審視八田與一形象的建構過程，探討歷史記憶中的殖民無意識和後殖民創傷。本研究聚焦於文藝作品中的八田與一形象，主要分析司馬遼太郎的《台灣紀行》、電影《KANO》中的相關情節，並參考歷史記錄，揭示文藝再現與現實歷史之間的交錯。通過這些作品的解讀，本文試圖揭露後殖民台灣的文化張力與跨國流動，並探討八田與一在當代台日中三方關係中的意義。最終，本文認為，關於八田與一的記憶與再現不僅受到後冷戰秩序及中國與台灣關係的影響，也與日本和台灣在311震災後形成的「台日友好」敘事緊密相關。這一敘事進一步劃分出親日情感及其「剩餘」（remainder）的意識形態。八田與一塑像遭遇的暴力，相對於其貢獻的廣泛讚揚，反映出台灣解殖進程中「愛日」與「恨日」二元對立的結構，同時也象徵著後殖民創傷在政治政略中的具體表現與協商場域。

영어초록

This study explores how literary and artistic works serve as powerful mediums for representing Taiwan’s postcolonial trauma, focusing on depictions of Hatta Yoichi (1886-1942). The research originates from the April 15, 2017, incident when Hatta’s statue at Wushantou Reservoir was beheaded. Hatta, the designer of the Chianan Irrigation System, was widely respected in Taiwan and Japan, with his achievements even included in Taiwan’s school textbooks. However, the 2017 beheading raised questions about why a figure once regarded as a benevolent cultural “other” was targeted in this manner. As noted by scholar Misato Shimizu, Hatta’s current fame is a constructed narrative, far removed from his original historical context. This study positions the beheading as an example of what Timothy Bewes calls “The Event of Postcolonial Shame,” compelling us to reexamine how Hatta’s image has been shaped through historical texts and memory. Focusing on literary and artistic works such as Shiba Ryotaro’s Taiwan Chronicle and the film KANO—When Taiwan's Grey Buffalo Plowed, the paper analyzes the cultural tensions and transnational flows that define Hatta’s portrayal. The study concludes that Hatta’s memory and representations are deeply influenced by the post-Cold War geopolitical landscape and the growing tensions between China and Taiwan, alongside the “Taiwan-Japan Friendship” narrative post-311 earthquake. The violence against Hatta’s statue juxtaposed with his celebrated contributions reveals the duality of Taiwan’s postcolonial identity, symbolizing the unresolved “love-hate” binary towards Japan and reflecting the broader political negotiation of postcolonial trauma.

참고자료

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