스탠다드 국화 ‘백마’의 삽목기간 및 단일처리 시기에 따른 버들눈 발생과 절화 생육 (Occurrence of Crown Bud and Growth of Cut Flower by Cutting Period and Short-day Treatment Time in Standard Cut Chrysanthemum ‘Baekma’)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국화훼학회
· 수록지 정보 : 화훼연구 / 29권 / 4호 / 294 ~ 301페이지
· 저자명 : 노용승, 유용권

초록

본 연구는 스탠다드 국화 ‘백마’의 삽목기간(15, 30, 45일)과단일처리 시기(정식 후 40, 50, 60, 70일 후)에 따른 버들눈 발생과 절화의 생육에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해 실시하였다. 삽목기간이 30일과 45일 처리는 15일 처리보다 초장이 길었고 뿌리수가 많았으나, 잎의 황화현상이 나타났다. 삽목기간이 길수록 정식 후 버들눈 발생률이 높았고, 삽목기간이 45 일 처리에서 버들눈의 발생률이 28.3%로 가장 높았다. 절화의생육에서 절화장은 삽목기간 15일 처리에서 110.9cm로 가장길었고, 삽목기간이 길수록 절화장이 짧았다. 절화의 엽수와무게는 삽목기간 15일 처리에서 가장 양호하였다. 화폭, 설상화 수, 꽃 무게 등 꽃의 생육은 삽목기간이 길어질수록 불량하였고, 꽃목길이는 삽목기간 30일과 45일 처리에서 6.5~8.9cm 로 길게 나타나 절화의 품질이 떨어졌다. 개화소요일수는 다른 처리들보다 삽목기간 45일 처리에서 버들눈 발생으로 인하여 가장 짧았다. 단일처리 시기에 따른 절화의 버들눈 발생률은 정식 60일과 70일 후 단일처리에서 각각 20.1%와 45.8%로나타나, 정식 40일과 50일 후 단일처리보다 높게 나타났다.
절화의 길이, 엽수, 무게 등의 절화 생육은 영양생장기간이 길었던 정식 70일 후 단일처리에서 가장 양호하였고, 정식 40일후 단일처리에서 가장 불량하였다. 그러나 화폭, 설상화수, 꽃의 무게 등의 꽃의 생육은 정식 50일 후 단일처리에서 가장우수하였다. 정식 60일과 70일 단일처리에서 꽃목에 유엽이발생함에 따라 꽃목길이가 길어져 품질이 하락하였고, 개화소요일수는 단일처리 시기가 늦을수록 지연되었다. 따라서 스탠다드 국화 ‘백마’의 버들눈은 삽목기간이 길어져 15일 이상된노화된 삽목묘를 정식하거나 정식 후 단일처리 시기가 50일이상으로 늦어질 경우에 많이 발생하며, 버들눈 발생으로 화폭, 설상화수, 꽃 무게, 꽃목길이 등 절화의 품질이 크게 하락하는 것으로 나타났다.

영어초록

This study was conducted to examine the effects of cutting period (15, 30, and 45 days) and short-day treatment time (40, 50, 60, and 70 days after planting) on occurrence of crown bud and growth of cut flower in standard chrysanthemum ‘Baekma’. In cutting for 30 and 45 days, the number of roots were higher and plant height was longer compare to cutting for 15 days, but chlorosis was observed in lower leaves. The longer the cutting period the higher the occurrence rate of crown bud after planting, and the occurrence rate of crown bud was the highest in the treatment of cutting for 45 days (28.3%). In the growth of cut flower after planting, the length of cut flower was longer at 110.0 cm in 15 days cutting period than other treatments, and the longer the cutting period, the shorter the length of cut flower. The leaf number and weight of cut flower were the best in the 15 days cutting period. The growth of flower such as flower diameter, number of ray florets, and weight of flower was poor as the cutting period increased. The peduncle length was longer (6.5 - 8.9 cm) in 30 and 45 days cutting period than in 15-days cutting period, and thus the quality of cut flower was lowered. The days to flowering was shorter in 45-days cutting period than in other treatments due to occurrence of crown bud. In experiment of short-day treatment time, the occurrence rate of crown bud was 20.1% and 45.8% in short-day treatment at 60 and 70 days after planting, which was higher than in others.
The growth of cut flower such as length, leaf number, and weight was the most enhanced in short-day treatment at 70 days after planting which had a long vegetative growth period, and was worst in short-day treatment at 40 days after planting. However, flower diameter, number of ray florets, and weight of flower were the best in short-day treatment at 50 days after planting. In short-day treatment at 60 days and 70 days after planting, the peduncle length was lengthened due to the formation of strap-shaped leaf, and thus quality of cut flower deteriorated. The days to flowering was delayed as the short-day treatment time was delayed. Therefore, it was found that crown buds of the standard chrysanthemum ‘Baekma’ occur more frequently when aged rooted cuttings with a cutting period of 30 days or more were planted or when the short-day treatment is delayed by more than 60 days after planting. And, the quality of cut flower decreased significantly due to the occurrence of crown bud.

참고자료

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