일본 메이지 시기 기독교계 학교의 위기와 그들의 선택 (The Crisis of Mission Schools and Their Countermove in the Japanese Meiji Period)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국교육사학회
· 수록지 정보 : 한국교육사학 / 29권 / 1호 / 93 ~ 120페이지
· 저자명 : 이명실

초록

본 연구의 목적은 메이지 시기 일본 정부가 기독교계 학교를 단속하기 위해 공포했던 사립학교령과 문부성 훈령 12호의 실체와 이에 대해 각 교파의 기독교계 학교가 취했던 대응 양상을 고찰하는 것이다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 기독교의 전파와 이를 수용했던 계층의 특성, 일본 기독교계 학교의 특징, 그리고 일본 정부의 사립학교령과 문부성 훈령12호의 공포와 그에 대한 기독교계 학교의 대응 양상 등을 살펴본다. 이 연구는 기본적으로 일본 기독교 및 기독교계 학교의 특징을 파악하고 일본 교육정책의 성격을 규명한다는 것을 의미하지만, 더불어 근대 이후 한국과 일본에 있어서 기독교계 학교의 성립과 전개 과정을 비교할 수 있는 근거를 제공하며, 1910년 이후 일본 정부가 조선총독부를 통해 시행했던 식민지 교육정책, 특히 종교교육정책을 더욱 깊이 구명하기 위한 기반연구로서의 성격을 가진다.

영어초록

The purpose of this study is to discuss the characteristics of Japanese educational policy, especially the policy of the nongovernmental schools. To accomplish this purpose, I investigated the characteristics of the spread of Christianity and the classes that accepted it. I also examined the characteristics of the Japanese mission schools and the contents and effects of the Imperial command against nongovernmental schools and the Kunrei(訓令) twelfth number that the Meiji-government proclaimed to control the mission schools. Finally, I demonstrated the crisis of mission schools and their countermove against the policy of the Meiji-government.
On the analysis, the results appeared as follows: a) Meiji-government's approval to the spread of Christianity was made not by choice but by necessity. Therefore, the political leaders had negative perspectives of the Christianity. However, the elites and the messes had positive understandings of the Christianity because of the free atmosphere, the chance of English learning, and the western lifestyles; b) Although most mission schools were directly managed by the missions, there were also some mission schools that introduced only Christian spirit. Furthermore, more than half of the mission schools was the girl's mission schools. The number of students in the mission schools was due to learn English and western lifestyles. As the mission schools were faced with the crisis that forced them to choose the question of maintenance or abolition, such characteristics of the mission schools had an effect on waives of Christianity's claim; c) Meiji-government proclaimed the Imperial command against nongovernmental schools and the Kunrei(訓令) twelfth number forbidden of religious education. Under these circumstances, the mission schools had to choose what they had to keep up with the religious education or not. However, regardless of their choice, it was said the purpose of the Meiji-government had accomplished because the mission schools could not be free from the control of the Ministry of Education.
The purpose of this study is basically to understand the characteristics of Japanese educational policy through the analyses of the Japanese Christianity and Japanese mission school's state. This study will help examine the formation and development of the mission schools in the modern era of Korea and Japan. This study also will offer the key points to examine the colonial educational policy of the government general in Joseon.

참고자료

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