국립공원 탐방객의 방문동기와 회복환경지각척도 비교 연구 - 국립공원 문화서비스 건강·치유 평가를 중심으로 - (A Comparative Study on National Park Visitor’s Motivation of Visit and PRS (Perceived Restoration Scale) – Focusing on the Evaluation of Health and Healing Based on the National Park Cultural Services)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국산림휴양복지학회
· 수록지 정보 : 한국산림휴양학회지 / 25권 / 2호 / 51 ~ 67페이지
· 저자명 : 장진

초록

본 연구는 국립공원 자연이 제공하는 문화서비스 건강·치유 평가의 일환으로 국립공원 탐방객의 탐방행태와 방문동기에 따른 건강효과 인식 특성을 파악하기 위해 진행되었다. 연구대상은 국립공원 방문 경험이 있는 탐방객 총 914명이며, 연구방법은 2019년 11월 19일부터 12월 18일까지 1개월 간 온라인 설문조사를 진행하였다. 설문내용은 탐방객 일반사항 및 탐방특성(체류시간, 주요 참여 활동), 국립공원 방문동기, 국립공원을 회복환경지각에 대한 인식 등이다. 자료의 분석은 SPSS 26.0 프로그램을 이용하여 기술통계 분석, 신뢰도 분석, 요인분석, 독립표본 t-test 분석 등을 실시하였다. 국립공원 탐방객의 방문동기 요인은 ‘자연탐험 및 자기탐구’, ‘자연친화 및 건강증진’, ‘일상생활 탈피’ 세 개의 요인으로 구분되었다. 요인별 중요도는 ‘자연친화 및 건강증진’ 요인 3.596점, ‘일상생활탈피’ 요인 3.445점, ‘자연탐험 및 자기탐구’ 요인이 2.809점 순으로 나타났다. 국립공원 탐방객의 회복환경지각척도의 요인분석 결과를 살펴보면, ‘매혹감’, ‘짜임새’, ‘탈출감’, ‘적합성’, ‘이해용이성’으로 구분되었다. 회복환경지각척도 각 요인별 평균값은 탈출감(M=5.205), 매혹감(M=4.868), 짜임새(M=4.567), 적합성(M=4.471), 이해용이성(M=4.383) 순이었고, 회복환경지각척도 전체 평균값은 4.729점으로 나타났다. 국립공원을 방문하는 빈도는 연 3회 미만 방문했을 경우보다 연 4-12회, 그리고 연 4-12회 방문하는 것 보다는 연 13회 이상 방문하는 것이 회복환경지각척도의 평균값이 점점 높게 나타났으며, 체류시간이 2시간 미만 동안 머무르는 것 보다 6시간 이상 머무를 경우에 국립공원을 회복환경으로 더 높게 인식하는 것을 검증하였다. 본 연구결과는 국립공원 탐방객의 방문동기에 따른 건강효과에 대한 인식과 탐방특성을 파악하여 생태계서비스 증진 및 효율적인 공원관리 정책 마련을 위한 기초자료를 제시하였다는 측면에서 연구의 의의가 있다.

영어초록

The purpose of this study was to identify the characteristics of national park visitors and the perception of health effects according to their motivation to visit as part of the evaluation of health and healing based on cultural services provided by national park’s nature. An online survey was conducted on a total of 914 visitors, who had visited national parks for 1 month from November 19 to December 18, 2019. The main contents surveyed include general details of visitors, characteristics of visit (stay time, major participation activities), motivation to visit national parks, and perception of Perceived Restoration Scale (PRS). Technical statistics analysis,reliability analysis, factor analysis and independent sample t-test, etc. were conducted using the SPSS 26.0 program. The motivation for visitors to visit national parks were divided into three factors: ‘Natural Exploration and Self-Exploration’, ‘Nature Friendly and Health Enhancement’, and ‘Breakaway from Daily Life’. The importance of each factor was 3.596 points for ‘Nature Friendly and Health Enhancement’, 3.445 points for ‘Breakaway from Daily Life’ and 2.809 points for ‘Natural Exploration and Self-Exploration’. According to the analysis of PRS factors of national park visitors, which were divided into ‘Fascination’, ‘Coherence’, ‘Being Away’, ‘Compatibility’ and ‘Legibility’, the average value of PRS factors was high in the order of Being Away (M=5.205), Fascination (M=4.868), Coherence (M=4.567), Compatibility (M=4.471) and Legibility (M=4.383), and the overall average value of PRS was 4.729. The average value of PRS was higher in the case of visiting national parks more than 13 times a year than visiting 4-12 times a year and visiting less than 3 times a year in sequence. In addition, it has been verified that PRS is perceived to be higher when the stay time lasts more than 6 hours than it lasts less than 2 hours. This result shows that the longer national park visitors are exposed to nature, that is, the more frequently visitors visit the national park and the longer they stay, it’s more likely to have a postive effect on their PRS in terms of the health promotion and psychological healing effects of the ecosystem services provided by national park’s nature. This study analyzed the characteristics of perception of ‘PRS’ as the health and healing effects according to visitors’ motivation to visit among the evaluation of ecosystem services provided by the nature of the national park. The result is meaningful in that it objectively identified the effects of nature-based exploration activities on visitors’ PRS in national parks and presented basic data for preparing exploration policies for efficient park management and enhanced ecosystem service in the future.

참고자료

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