Times and Frequencies of Additional Fertilization to Improve Nutrient Efficiency of Organic Liquid Fertilizer for Onion Organic Cultivation

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국원예학회
· 수록지 정보 : 원예과학기술지 / 27권 / 1호 / 30 ~ 36페이지
· 저자명 : 이종태, 하인종, 김희대, 문진성, 이상대

초록

The objective of this study was to improve the fertilization efficiency of organic fertilizer as a unique nutrient source for organic cultivation. A solid type of organic fertilizer (SOF) was applied before transplanting and then additional either or both solid and liquid type fertilizers were applied to organic cultivation of onions (Allium cepa). A liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) for additional fertilization was applied separately 4 times in Feb. and Mar. (LOF I), 6 times in Feb. and Mar. (LOF II) and 9 times in Feb., Mar. and Apr. (LOF III). The combined treatments of SOF and LOF as additional fertilizers were applied as 1 time solid and 3 times liquid (SOF+LOF IV) in Feb. and Mar., or 1 time solid and 6 times liquid (SOF+LOF V) in Feb., Mar., and Apr. The last category of treatment was application of organic fertilizer only as base. The onion growth in treatments LOF I, LOF II, and LOF III was better than that of both SOF+LOF IV and SOF+LOF V treatments. The change in leaf weight showed similar trend to that in plant height; also, the leaf weight in treatment CF (chemical fertilizer) was two-fold of those in organic fertilization treatments at the peak growth stage, the 183rd day after transplanting, although there was not significant difference in the number of leaves. After then, bulb weight showed a remarkable contrast between CF and organic group. All nutrient uptakes of leaves in CF were greater than those in treatments of organic fertilization. However, in case of the bulbs, only N and P2O5 uptakes were different between CF and organic group. The marketable yield in treatment CF was 64.5 ton ha-1, while that in treatment LOF II was 46.4 ton ha-1, which was 72% of treatment CF. The organic fertilizer was comprised of multiple elements such as sesame oil cake, rice bran, fish meal etc. Basal organic fertilizer contained 31 g･kg-1 of N, 28 g･kg-1 of P2O5, 19 g･kg-1 of K2O and 405 g･kg-1 of organic matter. The contents of liquid organic fertilizer were 634 mg･kg-1 of N, 68.1 mg･kg-1 of P2O5 and 453 g･kg-1 of K2O. The organic fertilizer increased pH, organic matter and exchangeable calcium in soil more than CF. Even though organic fertilizer was not readily available as chemical fertilizer, the application of organic fertilizer as the base and 6 times liquid additional fertilization in Feb. and Mar. (LOF II) was the most effective among the other organic fertilization treatments.

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