知能과 이데올로기

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국교육학회
· 수록지 정보 : 교육학연구 / 23권 / 1호
· 저자명 : 黃禎奎

목차

Ⅰ. 두 개의 視角
Ⅱ. 知能理論과 이데올로기
Ⅲ. 知能 속에 숨겨진 이데올로기
Ⅳ. 知能이란 실제 존재하는가?
Ⅴ. 知能의 社會的 含蓄性
참고문헌
ABSTRACT

영어초록

Intelligence is commonly understood as a complex process of assiging metric value to mental ability of an individual, while ideology represents the set of values and attitudes that make up the composite picture of social and individual philosophy a by which men in a given culture profess to live.
The purpose of this paper is to critically examine the ideological implication hidden in intelligence, particulary in measured intelligence IQ. In the process of tossing the concept of "intelligence" as scientific endeavour and developing intelligence theories of whether it is a unitary entity (Spearman's g factor) or a pluratistic entity (Thurstone's PMA), there is no intention of any a priori ideological endeavour that intelligence is a genetically determined, social classes are ranked according to intellisene and a great difference in intelligence exists between different races. However, when we examine the historical evidences of how the intelligence tests are validated and what purposes the tests are socially utilized for, we can not fail to find out that IQ is used as one of important means of cultural reproduction of metritocratic society.
Examining the evidences of IQ history , we can summarize the argument as 1) IQ tests measure intelligence , 2) intelligence is an important determinant of success in schooling, 3) intelligence is highy heritable (80%), 4) race and social class difference in intelligence are large, 5) therefore , intelligence is resistant to change, inequalities in intelligence are not eliminable, race and class differences in intelligence are probably genetic in origin, and attempts to acvieve greater equality in areas where intelligence is important (education, social position) are unrealistic.
In sum, the understanding of IQ must involve examining its history, the process of its coming into being, and the circumstances of its production. The endeavour as such will bring forth a new insight of intelligence theory to us.

참고자료

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