韓國, 中國 및 日本 敎育哲學의 比較硏究(Ⅲ)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국교육학회
· 수록지 정보 : 교육학연구 / 11권 / 2호
· 저자명 : 韓基彦

목차

Ⅰ. 序言
Ⅱ. 日本의 精神的風土
Ⅲ. 日本人의 性格
Ⅳ. 사무라이(武士)
Ⅴ. 結言
ABSTRACT

영어초록

In Korea there have been very few studies made on the subject of the people of Japan. This article, however, has attempted to make a survey of the basic dissimilarities existing between the Korean and the Japanese both of whom belonging to the same category of the Far East, Racial distinctions of the two peoples were examined through spiritual backgrounds, national character, the Japanese ‘Bushids’ (武士道) and ‘Singaku’ (심學) and the other items including the desirable images of man. Needless to say, this approach derives not from the notion that denies the common denominators making the universalities of mankind but from the conception that every human being has certainly come down from the same origin of Ho'mo saipiens and racial characteristics are mainly due to such distinctions as regional, historical differences and what we now call racial or national characters. Hence, the present study of the educational images of the Japanese people may give light upon the study of the Korean people.
Through the present study the writer has attempted to elucidate several points as follows.
First, among ‘Wabi’(わび), ‘Sabi’(さび) and ‘Iki’ (いき) which form the central ideas of the Japanese people, the last is considered to be the most important for it represents ‘vitality’ which is the spiritual characteristics of the Japanese people. The writer has then introduced, the implications of ‘amaé’ (甘之) which are estimated to be very important in contrast with the viewpoints of psychotheraphy and western thought.
Secondly, the writer has made a historical survey of the various studies of Japan and the Japanese people, Then the writer has analysed and compared the charater of the Japanese people by means of three ideals and six conceptions, as a result, the charactericstics merits of the Japanese people are pointed out briefly as follows. They are ‘vitality’, ‘godliness’, ‘love of pure death’, and ‘diligence’. These three may be subdivided as ‘capability’, ‘adaptability’, ‘faithfulness’, ‘kindness’, ‘activeness’, and ‘sense of requital’. The demerits of this people are ‘narrowmindedness’, ‘flunkeyism’ and ‘totalitarianism’. These three may be summed up in a word as ‘frivolity’. Subdivided they become ‘closemindedness’, ‘exclusiveness’, ‘self-centerdness’, ‘submissiveness’, ‘fashionwise temper’, and ‘self-effacement’.
Thirdly, ‘Samurai’ (武士) as an educational image of man has been examined. For the accurate understanding of this ideal, the writer has made a survey of the nature of ‘Bushido’ and ‘Singaku.’ As a matter of fact, these two are estimated to have a close relationship in forming the ideas of the Japanese people.
‘Bushido’ as an ideal image of man gave a great imfluence even to the common people in Japan and thus subdued the long-established classconsciousness, while on the other hand ‘Singaku’ was finally adopted by the ‘Bushi’ (武士) class as the philosophy of the Japanese people and it thus become the way of cultivating warriors' spirit. This ideal has been summarised in the Imperial Rescript of Education, and the educational ideas of the same sort are said to appear in ‘the desirable image of man’. All this means that ‘Samurai’ of Japan, regardless of classconsciousness, may be rightly regarded as an ideal as well as an educational image of man in Japan. This is an important image which should not be overlooked in any kind of studies of the Japanese people.
These remains a future study of ‘Sunbi’ (선비) as an educational image of the Korean people ‘gunja’ (君子) as that of the Chinese people and ‘Samurai’ as that of the Japanese people.

참고자료

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