mAB 단클론항체 면역학

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1. Monoclonal & Polyclonal Ab

Monoclonal antibody는 단지 하나의 epitope만을 인식하는 항체를 포함하며, 하나의 B세포 클론에서 생산된 단일 특이성의 항체입니다. Polyclonal antibody는 한 항원의 많은 epitope들을 인식하는 항체를 포함하며, 많은 종류의 B세포에 의해 생산된 다양한 항체들의 혼합입니다.
2. Monoclonal antibody (mAb) 생성 과정

특정 항원을 쥐에게 주입 → 항체 생성 → B림프구 분리 → 골수종세포 or 암세포와 결합 → 하이브리도마 세포 생성 → 분리 배양 → mAb 대량 생산. B림프구는 생체 밖에서 배양할 수 없다는 단점이 있어 골수종세포 또는 암세포와 결합하여 mAb를 생산합니다.
3. Monoclonal antibody (mAb)의 응용

1. 특정세포의 독특한 표현형 표지 2. 면역학적 진단 (immunodiagnosis) 3. 암의 진단과 치료 - 암과 관련된 epitope로 마련된 mAb는 정상세포와 종양세포를 구별하고, 종양세포들로 독소나 방사성 동위원소를 나르는 운반체로 사용 4. 세포 표면 분자나 분비된 분자들의 기능에 관한 연구

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1. Monoclonal & Polyclonal Ab

Monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies are both important tools in biomedical research and clinical applications. Monoclonal antibodies are produced from a single clone of B cells and recognize a single epitope on an antigen, while polyclonal antibodies are produced by multiple B cell clones and recognize multiple epitopes on an antigen. Monoclonal antibodies offer advantages such as high specificity, consistent quality, and the ability to target specific epitopes. However, polyclonal antibodies can recognize a broader range of epitopes and may be more effective in certain applications. The choice between monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies depends on the specific research or clinical needs, and both types of antibodies have their own unique strengths and applications.
2. Monoclonal antibody (mAb) 생성 과정

The process of generating monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) involves several key steps. First, an animal (typically a mouse) is immunized with the target antigen, which stimulates the production of antibodies by B cells. The spleen of the immunized animal is then harvested, and the B cells are isolated and fused with immortalized myeloma cells to create hybridoma cells. These hybridoma cells are then screened to identify those that produce the desired antibody, and the selected hybridoma cells are cloned to ensure the production of a single, homogeneous population of antibody-producing cells. The resulting monoclonal antibodies can then be purified and used for various applications, such as in diagnostic assays, therapeutic treatments, and research tools. The monoclonal antibody production process is complex and requires careful optimization to ensure the generation of high-quality, specific, and reproducible antibodies.
3. Monoclonal antibody (mAb)의 응용

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have a wide range of applications in various fields, including diagnostics, therapeutics, and research. In diagnostics, mAbs are used in immunoassays, such as ELISA and Western blotting, to detect and quantify specific target molecules. In therapeutics, mAbs have been developed as targeted treatments for various diseases, including cancer, autoimmune disorders, and infectious diseases. For example, mAbs can be used to block the activity of specific proteins involved in disease pathways or to deliver cytotoxic payloads to tumor cells. In research, mAbs are invaluable tools for studying protein function, cell signaling pathways, and disease mechanisms. They can be used in techniques like immunoprecipitation, flow cytometry, and immunohistochemistry to investigate the localization, expression, and interactions of target proteins. The high specificity and versatility of mAbs make them indispensable in both clinical and research settings, and the development of new mAb-based technologies continues to expand their applications.

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