미생물 기타 세균 (그람양성,음성이외의균)

소개

기타 미생물 사진과 같이 정리한것

목차

<Mycobacterium>
1.Mycobacterium tuberculsis
OTHER MYCOBACTERIA CAUSING TUBERCULOSIS-LIKE DISEASES

2.Mycobacterium kansasii
tuberculossis in HIV Pt.
Pul. TB-like symptoms
3.Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Complex
tuberculosis in birds/mammals/human
most common systemic(disseminated) bacterial infection in AIDS Pt.
(정상인에서는 드물다)
4.Mycobacterium scrofulaceum
: Child -cervical lymphadenitis
5.Mycobacterium leprae
Acid-fast bacillus
<Rickettsia disease>
1. Rickettsia prowazekii
발진티푸스, epidemic typhus
2. Rickettsia typhi.
3. Rickettsia tsutsugamushi
4. Rickettsia rickettsii
6.Ehrlichiosis
*Weil-Fe•lix reaction
an agglutination test for various

본문내용

1.Mycobacterium tuberculsis
Obligate Aerobic (절대호기서), acid-fastness, 조직내직간균,
high conc. lipid: mycolic acid ⇒ acid-fast(+)
Acid-fast bacilli
Intracellular pathogens
Slow growing
Disease of host/pathogen interaction
Develop resistance to many drugs
M. tuberculosis. Acid-fast stain
*Epidemiology
inhalation of droplets
10 bacilli cause pulmonary infection in susceptible people
poor ventilation in close contact: AIDS/drug user/homeless
children
*cell membrane
mycobacterium의 세포벽은 지연성과민반응 (delayed-type hypersensitivity rxn)일으키다.
1)Lipid
Lipid가 풍부하다. =mycolic acid+왁스+포스파타이드
세포내 지질은 단백질,다당질에 결합 mycolic acid와 결합된 muramyl depeptide는 육아종을 (granulomatous)형성하고, 인지질은 건락괴사를 유발한다.
현미경에서 모양 serpentine cord (뱀모양밧줄) 은 항상성 간균이 평행 사슬로 증식배열하기 때문이다.
2)protein
투버클린 반응 유도하는 여러단백질함유
3)다당질



*Pathogenicity
Spread of droplets
Spread of droplet nuclei from one individual to another.
Tuberculosis begins when droplet nuclei reach the alveoli. the smaller droplet nuclei may reach the small air sacs of the lung (the alveoli), where infection begins
After droplet nuclei are inhaled, the bacteria are nonspecifically taken up by alveolar macrophages. However, the macrophages are not activated and are unable to destroy the intracellular organisms

*Predisposing factors for TB infection
• Close contact with large populations of people
(schools, nursing homes, dormitories, prisons, army)
• Poor nutrition
• IV drug use
• Alcoholism
• HIV infection: the #1 predisposing factor.
(10 % of HIV(+) individuals harbor M.tb. )

*Virulence mechanism
(i) no toxin
(ii) wax D, cord factor, sulfolipid
(iii) ability to survive in Mf
(iv) hypersensitivity to tuberculoproteins → 발병

참고자료

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