[인문]redefining democracy

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redefining democracy 에 관한 원문을 해석한 것 입니다.

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Democracy is widely recognized to be an ambiguous concept and there is no point in searching for or disputing its essential meaning. Democracy is not only a matter of majority decision, nor need it involve a single demos. In Associative Democracy(1994) I have used Emile Durkheim`s(1957) conception of democracy as ongoing two-way communication between governors and governed to extend the mean- ing of this concept. Democracy in this sense is about government by information exchange and consent, where organized publics have the means to conduct a dialogue with government and thus hold it to account. Majority decisions matter but they have a subsiding part in the process of governance. Elections and referenda are relatively infrequent and only decide certain salient issues, whereas governance is a continuous process and all of its decisions cannot be subject to majority approval. The primary agents in this dialogue with the state were, for Durkheim, corporatist occupational groups, but there is no reason why it cannot be extended to a wider range of associations. In one sense this government by consent is a normal part of the current political process, but it is limited because so many of the groups entering into dialogue are exclusive and internally undemocratic.
If we return to the problem for democracy (in the senses both of majority rule and communication) posed by an organizational society, then it can be seen as having two parts. First, the prevalence of organizations that are not subject to the need to consult or even consider those whose interests are affected by their decisions. Second
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