· Cavalli-Sforza, L.L., P. Menozzi and A. Piazza A(1994) The History and Geography of Human Genes. Princeton University Press, Princeton.
· Goedde HW, Paik YK, Lee CC, Benkmann HG, Kriese L, Bogdanski P and Winkler M(1987) Red cell and serum protein polymorphi는 in three population groups of south Korea. Gene Geogr. 1: 177-188
· Hammer MF(1994) A recent insertion of an Alu element on the Y chromosome is a useful marker for human population studies. Mol. Biol. Evol. 11: 749-761.
· Hammer MF(1995) A recent common ancestry for human Y chromosomes. Nature 378: 376-378.
· Hammer MF and Zegura SL(1996) The role of the Y chromosome in human evolutionary studies. Evol. Anthropol. 5: 57-75
· Hammer MF, Spurdle AB, Karafet T, Bonner MR, Wood ET, Novelletto A, Malaspina P, Mitchell RJ, Horal S, Jenkins T and Zegura SL(1997) The geographic distribution of human Y chromosome variation. Genetics 145: 787-805
· Horai S, Murayama K, Hayasaka K, Matsubayashi S, Hattori Y, Fucharoen G, Harihara S, Park KS, Omoto K and Pan IH(1996) MtDNA polymorphism in East Asian populations, with special reference to the peopling of Japan. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 59: 579-590
· Hurles ME, Veitia R, Arroyo E, Armenteros M, Bertranpetit J, Perez-Lezaun A, Bosch E, Shlumukova M, Cambon-Thomsen IJ, Sin호 L, Pandya A, Santos FR, Tyler-Smith C and Jobling MA(1999) Recent male-mediated gene flow over a linguistic barrier in Iberia, suggested by analysis of a Y- chromosomal DNA polymorphism. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 65: 1437-1448.
· Jin HJ, Choi JW, Shin DJ, Kim JM and Kim W(1999) Distribution of length variation of the mtDNA 9-bp motif in the intergenic COⅡ/tRNALys region in East Asian populations. Korean J. Biol. Sci. 3: 393-397
· Kim YJ, Pank SG, Ahn GS and Kim W(1999) 49a/TaqⅠ haplotypes according to the sumame groups in the Korean population. Korean J. Genetics 21: 181-192
· Kim W, Shin DJ, Harihara S and Kim YJ(2000) Y chromosomal DNA variation in East Asian populations and its potential for inferring the peopling of Korea. J. Hum. Genetics 45: 76-83
· Kim YJ, Shin DJ, Kim JM, Jin HJ, Kwak KD, Han MS, Choi SK and Kim W(2001) Y chromosome STR haplotype profiling in the Korean population. Forensic Sci. Int. 115: 229-235
· Nei M and Roychoudhury A.K(1993) Evolutionary relationships of human populations on a global scale. Mol. Biol. Evol. 10: 927-943.
· Nikaido M, Rooney AP and Okada N(1999) Phylogenetic relationships amog cetartidactyls based on insertions of short and long interpersed elements: hippopotamuses are the closest extant relatives of whales. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 96: 10261-10266.
· Oh HJ, Shin DJ, and Kim W(2000) Linkage disequilibrium between two Y-linked loci of DXYS5Y and SPY465 in the Korean population. Korean J. Genetics 22: 27-33.
· Rabilloud T, Carpentier G and Tarroux P(1988) Improvement and simplification of low-backgroud silver staining of protein by using sodium dithionite. Electrophoresis 9: 288-291.
· Richards B, Skoletsky J, Shuber AP, Balfour R, Stern RC Dorkin HL, Parad RB, Witt D and, Klinger KW(1993) Multiplex PCR amplification from the CFTR gene using DNA prepared from buccal brushes/swabs. Hum. Mol. Genet. 2: 159-163.
· Ruofu D and Yip VF(1993) ethnic groups in China. Science Press, Beijing, New York
· Saha N and Tay JSH(1992) Origin of Koreans: A population genetic study. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. 88: 27-36
· Sambrook J, Fritsch EF and Maniatis T(1989) Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual, 2nd edn. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, New York.
· Sanger F, Nicklen S and Coulson AR(1977) DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 74: 5463-5467
· Santos FR, Pandya A, Kayser M, Mitchell RJ, Liu A, Singh L, Desto-Bisol G, Novelletto A, Qamar R, Mehdi SQ, Adhikari R, de Knijff P and Tyler-Smith C(2000) A polymorphic L1 retroposon insertion in the centromere of the human Y chromosome. Hum. Mol. Genet. 9: 421-430.
· Stoneking M, Fontius JJ, Clifford SL, Soodyall H, Arcot SS, Saha N, Jenkins T, Tahir MA, Deininger PL and Batzer MA(1997) Alu insertion polymorphisms and human evolution : evidence for a larger population size in Africa. Genome Res. 7: 1061-1071
· Su B, Xiao J, Underhill P, Deka R, Zhang W, Akey J, Huang W, Shen D, Lu D, Luo J, Chu J, Tan J, Shen P, Davis R, Cavalli-Sforza L, Chakraborty R, Xiong M, Du R, Oefner P, Chen Z and Jin L (1999) Y-chromosome evidence for a northward migration of modern humans into eastern Asia during the last Ice Age. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 65: 1718-1724.