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NCLEX 요약정리 (+NGN 포함) - 아동간호 Integumentary

"NCLEX 요약정리 (+NGN 포함) - 아동간호 Integumentary"에 대한 내용입니다.
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NCLEX 요약정리 (+NGN 포함) - 아동간호 Integumentary
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    "NCLEX 요약정리 (+NGN 포함) - 아동간호 Integumentary"에 대한 내용입니다.

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    Integumentary
    11. Atopic dermatitis (eczema 습진) chronic skin disorder > 보통 1 세 이전 처음 진단
    - 특징 > pruritus 소양증, erythema 홍반, dry skin (infants > red, crusted 딱딱하고, scaly lesions 비늘모양 병변)
    - 관리 목표 > 가려움증 완화, scratching 긁힘 방지를 위해 skin hydrated 촉촉하게 유지
    - prevent scratching > 2 차 감염 예방을 위해 우선적
    cutting and filing nails short 손톱 짧게 자르고 다듬기
    placing gloves or cotton stockings over the hands 손에 장갑이나 면 스타킹
    applying moisturizer
    not wearing rough fabrics 거친 천 or woolen 모직 clothing
    *humidifier > improve skin hydration and comfort
    24. Atopic dermatitis (eczema 습진)
    - 교육
    tepid water and a mild/gentle soap 으로 Bathing (뜨거운 물, 장시간 거품 목욕은 피부 건조 및 자극 유발)
    Patting the skin gently after bathing, application of a topical 국소 emollient 연화제
    Giving an oral antihistamine (ie, diphenhydramine, cetirizine) at bedtime > 소양증 완화 도움
    Keeping the child's nails trimmed short 짧게 다듬기 and filed > excoriation 찰과상 감소

    참고자료

    · 아동간호학 현문사
    · Saunders 9
    · https://www.uworld.com/
    · https://nurseslabs.com/
    · https://www.registerednursern.com/

  • AI와 토픽 톺아보기

    • 1. Atopic dermatitis (eczema 습진)
      Atopic dermatitis, also known as eczema, is a chronic inflammatory skin condition that can cause significant discomfort and impact on a person's quality of life. It is characterized by dry, itchy, and inflamed skin that can worsen with exposure to certain triggers. The exact cause of atopic dermatitis is not fully understood, but it is believed to involve a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Treatment typically involves a multifaceted approach, including the use of moisturizers, topical corticosteroids, and other medications to manage symptoms and prevent flare-ups. While there is no cure for atopic dermatitis, effective management can help improve the condition and reduce the burden on patients and their families.
    • 2. Tinea corporis (ringworm)
      Tinea corporis, commonly known as ringworm, is a fungal skin infection that can affect various parts of the body. It is characterized by a circular, red, and often itchy rash that can spread outward as the infection progresses. Tinea corporis is caused by a group of fungi called dermatophytes, which thrive in warm, moist environments. While it is not a serious condition, it can be highly contagious and can be spread through direct contact with infected individuals or contaminated surfaces. Treatment typically involves the use of topical antifungal medications, and good hygiene practices can help prevent the spread of the infection. With proper treatment, most cases of tinea corporis can be resolved, but it is important to seek medical attention to ensure proper diagnosis and management.
    • 3. Tinea capitis (머리 백선)
      Tinea capitis, or scalp ringworm, is a fungal infection that primarily affects the scalp and hair. It is caused by a group of fungi called dermatophytes, which can invade the hair follicles and lead to the development of scaly, itchy patches on the scalp. Tinea capitis is particularly common in children, and it can be highly contagious, spreading through direct contact or the sharing of personal items like combs, brushes, or hats. Treatment typically involves the use of oral antifungal medications, as well as topical treatments to address the visible symptoms. In some cases, the infection may lead to hair loss, but with proper treatment, the hair usually regrows. Preventing the spread of tinea capitis is important, and good hygiene practices, such as avoiding sharing personal items and regularly washing the hair, can help reduce the risk of transmission.
    • 4. Impetigo (농가진)
      Impetigo is a highly contagious bacterial skin infection that primarily affects children. It is characterized by the development of red, itchy sores that can rupture and form a yellow, crusty appearance. Impetigo is typically caused by the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus pyogenes, and it can spread easily through direct contact with infected individuals or contaminated surfaces. Treatment usually involves the use of topical or oral antibiotics, depending on the severity of the infection. In addition to medical treatment, good hygiene practices, such as frequent handwashing and avoiding the sharing of personal items, are important to prevent the spread of impetigo. While impetigo is generally not a serious condition, it can lead to complications if left untreated, and it is important to seek medical attention to ensure proper diagnosis and management.
    • 5. Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1)
      Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is a highly contagious viral infection that primarily affects the lips, mouth, and surrounding areas. It is characterized by the development of painful blisters or sores, which can recur throughout a person's lifetime. HSV-1 is typically transmitted through direct contact with infected individuals or contaminated surfaces, and it can be particularly problematic for individuals with weakened immune systems. While there is no cure for HSV-1, antiviral medications can help manage the symptoms and reduce the frequency and severity of outbreaks. It is important to practice good hygiene, avoid direct contact with infected individuals, and seek medical attention if symptoms persist or worsen. With proper management, most people with HSV-1 can lead relatively normal lives, but it is a lifelong condition that requires ongoing care and attention.
    • 6. Acute postinfectious glomerulonephritis (APGN)
      Acute postinfectious glomerulonephritis (APGN) is a serious kidney condition that can develop as a complication of certain bacterial infections, such as streptococcal infections. It is characterized by inflammation and damage to the glomeruli, the tiny filters within the kidneys responsible for filtering waste and excess fluid from the blood. APGN can lead to a range of symptoms, including swelling, high blood pressure, and decreased kidney function. While the exact mechanisms are not fully understood, it is believed that the immune system's response to the initial infection can trigger an autoimmune reaction that damages the kidneys. Treatment typically involves addressing the underlying infection, managing the symptoms, and supporting the kidneys through the use of medications and dietary modifications. In some cases, APGN can lead to long-term kidney damage or even kidney failure, so prompt medical attention and ongoing monitoring are essential for managing this condition effectively.
    • 7. Scabies (옴)
      Scabies is a highly contagious skin infestation caused by the microscopic mite Sarcoptes scabiei. It is characterized by intense itching, especially at night, and the development of small, red, itchy bumps or burrows on the skin. Scabies is typically spread through direct skin-to-skin contact with an infected individual or by sharing personal items like clothing, bedding, or towels. Treatment typically involves the use of topical or oral medications to kill the mites and alleviate the symptoms. It is important to treat all household members and thoroughly clean the home to prevent the spread of the infestation. While scabies is not a serious condition, it can be highly uncomfortable and disruptive to daily life. Seeking prompt medical attention and following the recommended treatment regimen is crucial for effectively managing and eradicating the infestation.
    • 8. Pediculosis capitis (머릿니)
      Pediculosis capitis, or head lice infestation, is a common problem, particularly among school-aged children. It is caused by the parasitic insect Pediculus humanus capitis, which feeds on human blood and lays its eggs (nits) on the hair shaft. Head lice can be highly contagious and can spread through direct head-to-head contact or the sharing of personal items like combs, brushes, or hats. Symptoms of head lice include intense itching, the presence of live lice, and the appearance of nits attached to the hair. Treatment typically involves the use of topical insecticides or manual removal of the lice and nits. It is important to treat all affected individuals and thoroughly clean the home environment to prevent the spread of the infestation. While head lice are not a serious health concern, they can be a nuisance and can cause significant discomfort if left untreated. Maintaining good hygiene practices and seeking prompt medical attention can help effectively manage and eradicate head lice infestations.
    • 9. Acne vulgaris (여드름)
      Acne vulgaris, commonly known as acne, is a common skin condition that affects individuals of all ages, but it is particularly prevalent during adolescence. It is characterized by the development of blackheads, whiteheads, pimples, and other types of blemishes on the skin, primarily on the face, chest, and back. Acne is caused by a combination of factors, including hormonal changes, excess oil production, and the clogging of pores. While acne is not a serious health condition, it can have a significant impact on an individual's self-esteem and emotional well-being. Treatment options for acne range from over-the-counter topical medications to prescription oral and topical treatments, depending on the severity of the condition. Maintaining good skin hygiene, avoiding irritants, and seeking professional medical advice can help manage acne and improve the overall appearance and health of the skin.
    • 10. Dehydration
      Dehydration is a condition that occurs when the body loses more fluids than it takes in, resulting in an imbalance of water and electrolytes. It can be caused by a variety of factors, including excessive sweating, diarrhea, vomiting, and inadequate fluid intake. Dehydration can range in severity from mild to severe, and it can lead to a variety of symptoms, such as thirst, fatigue, headaches, and dizziness. In severe cases, dehydration can be life-threatening and can lead to organ damage or failure. Proper hydration is essential for maintaining overall health and well-being, and it is important to address dehydration promptly by replenishing fluids and electrolytes. This may involve the use of oral rehydration solutions, intravenous fluids, or other medical interventions, depending on the severity of the condition. Preventive measures, such as drinking enough water and maintaining a balanced diet, can also help reduce the risk of dehydration.

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