syntax and argumentation 5과 요약

목차

5.1 Function-Form Relationships
5.2 Realisations of the subject
5.3 Realisation of the predicate and predicator
5.4 Realisation of the Direct Object
5.5 Realisations of the Indirect Object
5.6 Realisation of Adjuncts

본문내용

5.1 Function-Form Relationships
it is important for you to see that in language there is a lack of a one-to-one relationship between the various forms we encounter and the functions they perform. The converse also hold: a particular function may be performed by different forms. This is why we need to distinguish between function and form.

5.2 Realisations of the subject
※ NP:명사구, PP:전치사구, AP:형용사구, AdvP:부사구, Finite:정형, NonFinite:비정형, SC:소절, DO:직접목적어, IO:간접목적어
 NPs functioning as Subject
ex) [NP The hedgehog] ate the cream cake.
 PPs functioning as Subject
ex 1) [pp under the stairs] was a safe area to be during the war. -공간
ex 2) [pp After Saturdays] would be a good time to go away for a few days. -시간간격
There are some restrictions on PPs as Subject in English.
firstly, they are usually phrases that specify a location or time interval.
secondly, the main verb of the sentence is often, though not exclusively, a form of the verb be
 APs functioning as Subject
ex) [Ap Restless] is what I would call him.
 AdvP functioning as Subject
ex) [Advp Cautiously] is how I would suggest you do it.

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