한국 성인에서 일반담배 또는 가열 전자담배를 이용한 흡연 형태와 폐 기능 검사 결과와의 관련성: 2014-2019년도 국민건강영양조사 자료를 이용하여 (The Association between Pulmonary Function Test Result and Combustible Cigarette Smoking or Electrical Cigarette Smoking in Korean Adults : Using the 2014-2019 Korean national health and nutrition exa)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 대한통합의학회
· 수록지 정보 : 대한통합의학회지 / 12권 / 1호 / 27 ~ 39페이지
· 저자명 : 김일환, 이일현, 신새론

초록

Purpose : Smoking is a major factor in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but the effect of electrical cigarette smoking on COPD development is still uncertain. This study aimed to compare the functions of airways and lungs exposed to combustible cigarettes and electrical cigarettes based on the pulmonary function test (PFT) results from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).
Methods : This study used data from 8,942 participants with PFT results out of 47,309 total subjects from the 6th to 8th Korean NHANES (2014-2015, 2016-2018, and 2019, respectively). Individuals with diseases such as cancer, ex-smokers, and dual tobacco users were excluded. The PFT results were analyzed according to the COPD diagnostic criteria. After adjusting for confounding variables, a complex sample generalized linear model ANOVA test was performed to investigate the association between PFT results and combustible smoker or electrical cigarette user groups.
Results : In an analysis based on the obstructive ventilatory disorders (forced expiratory volume in 1 second[FEV1]/forced vital capacity[FVC]<.7), combustible cigarette smokers showed a 3.46 times higher risk of COPD compared to non-smokers, while electrical cigarette smokers exhibited no significant difference in terms of COPD-related risks compared to non-smokers. FEV1 showed a negative relation with combustible cigarette smokers as reported elsewhere (B=-.07, p<.001). FEV1/FVC was negatively related to both combustible cigarette smokers (B=-.03, p<.001) and electrical cigarette smokers (B=-.02, p<.001).
Conclusion : FEV1/FVC decreases were observed in the long-term exposure to both combustible and electrical cigarettes. The lower FEV1 in the combustible cigarette group implies the worsening of the severity of COPD, suggesting more damage to the airways and lungs in the short term. Therefore, the temporary electrical cigarettes use for the transition period in order to smoking cessation potentially aids to reduce the harmful effect of combustible cigarettes in COPD development.

영어초록

Purpose : Smoking is a major factor in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but the effect of electrical cigarette smoking on COPD development is still uncertain. This study aimed to compare the functions of airways and lungs exposed to combustible cigarettes and electrical cigarettes based on the pulmonary function test (PFT) results from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).
Methods : This study used data from 8,942 participants with PFT results out of 47,309 total subjects from the 6th to 8th Korean NHANES (2014-2015, 2016-2018, and 2019, respectively). Individuals with diseases such as cancer, ex-smokers, and dual tobacco users were excluded. The PFT results were analyzed according to the COPD diagnostic criteria. After adjusting for confounding variables, a complex sample generalized linear model ANOVA test was performed to investigate the association between PFT results and combustible smoker or electrical cigarette user groups.
Results : In an analysis based on the obstructive ventilatory disorders (forced expiratory volume in 1 second[FEV1]/forced vital capacity[FVC]<.7), combustible cigarette smokers showed a 3.46 times higher risk of COPD compared to non-smokers, while electrical cigarette smokers exhibited no significant difference in terms of COPD-related risks compared to non-smokers. FEV1 showed a negative relation with combustible cigarette smokers as reported elsewhere (B=-.07, p<.001). FEV1/FVC was negatively related to both combustible cigarette smokers (B=-.03, p<.001) and electrical cigarette smokers (B=-.02, p<.001).
Conclusion : FEV1/FVC decreases were observed in the long-term exposure to both combustible and electrical cigarettes. The lower FEV1 in the combustible cigarette group implies the worsening of the severity of COPD, suggesting more damage to the airways and lungs in the short term. Therefore, the temporary electrical cigarettes use for the transition period in order to smoking cessation potentially aids to reduce the harmful effect of combustible cigarettes in COPD development.

참고자료

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