韓·中·日の3ヶ国人の断り発話に対する相互評価

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 중앙대학교 일본연구소
· 수록지 정보 : 일본연구 / 39호 / 75 ~ 95페이지
· 저자명 : 이길용

초록

Mutual Evaluation on Language Behavior by Koreans, Chinese and Japanese-Focusing on Speech Act of Refusal-

This research is about evaluation of language behavior in Korean, Chinese and Japanese. Its originality is due to the fact that it is not an analysis on the causes of language behavior or a descriptive research of language behavior. It focuses on patterns of utterances taken from real speech data, analyzing positive and negative evaluation by Korean, Chinese and Japanese speakers on refusal and account utterances.
The survey was carried out between 2009 and 2010 among 922 college students in Korea, China and Japan, around 300 students in each country. The subjects were asked to evaluate utterances in their own language and in the two other languages. The results found are the following: (1) Japanese speakers highly evaluated request utterances in their native language. This result shows that Japanese language has a typical pattern of language behavior.
(2) Japanese speakers highly evaluated refusal utterances in Chinese and Japanese, but negatively evaluated request and account utterances in these two languages.
(3) Korean speakers negatively evaluated account and refusal utterances in Japanese, but they positively evaluated request utterances. On the other hand, an opposite tendency is seen in the results concerning the same speech acts in Chinese.
(4) Chinese speakers positively evaluated all three speech acts in Korean, request, account and refusal speech acts. However, negative evaluation of speech acts in Japanese grows in this order: request, account and refusal.
Until now, researches in this field often pointed that differences in the performance of refusal speech acts across languages was a major cause for misunderstandings. However, the results of this survey shows that in the case of speech acts that presents high risk for loosing face such as refusal speech acts, detailed explanation of the reasons can be more effective in communication. This explains why Japanese ambiguous language behavior were negatively evaluated.

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