고온환경에서의 운동 시 서로 다른 수분 보충이 엘리트 운동선수들의 염증성 사이토카인 반응 및 면역 기능에 미치는 영향 (Effects of Different Fluid Replacements during Exercise in High Ambient Temperature on Inflammatory Cytokine Responses and Immune Function in Elite Athletes)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 국민체육진흥공단 한국스포츠과학원
· 수록지 정보 : 체육과학연구 / 22권 / 3호 / 2076 ~ 2087페이지
· 저자명 : 백일영, 윤두상, 서상훈, 노희태

초록

The purpose of the current research was to investigate the effects of body fluid replacement by water or sport drinks on the hormonal, inflammatory cytokine and immune responses during exercise in high ambient temperature. The subjects of the current research were 10 elite athletes. The subjects were asked to perform treadmill running at 75%HRR for 60 minutes in four different conditions, controlled by the environmental chamber: 1) thermoneutral environment (TE), 2) high ambient temperature environment (HE), 3) high ambient temperature environment and body fluid replacement by water (HW), and 4) high ambient temperature environment and body fluid replacement by sport drink(HS). Ambient temperature and relative humidity were set at 18℃ and 50%, respectively, for the theromoneutral environment, and 32℃ and 50% for the high ambient temperature environment. The amount of fluid replaced during two different fluid replacing conditions (HW and HS) were equivalent to the difference in body weight between pre and post completion of the running in HE. The defined amounts of the fluids were administered orally with separations during the exercise trials. Blood samples were taken at rest, at immediately after exercise, and at 60-minute of recovery. For catecholamine responses, the level of epinephrine immediately after exercise appeared to be significantly higher in HE compared to the other treatment conditions (p<.05), while the level of norepinephrine appeared to be significantly higher in HE compared to TE (p<.05). For cytokine responses, the level of IL-6 immediately after exercise appeared to be significantly higher in HE compared to TE (p<.05) while the levels of TNF-α were shown to significantly increase at immediately after exercise in all treatment conditions except TE (p<.05). For immune responses, the levels of T-cell were shown to significantly increase at immediately after exercise in all treatment conditions except TE (p<.05), and the level appeared to be significantly higher in HE compared to TE (p<.05); the level of NK-cell appeared to be higher at immediately after exercise in HE compare to TE (p<.05); the level of neutrophil was shown to significantly increase at immediately after exercise in HE (p<.05); the levels of lymphocyte were shown to significantly increase in TE and HE at immediately after exercise (p<.05); and the level of monocyte appeared to be significantly higher in HE compared to TE at immediately after exercise (p<.05). On the base of the results of the current study, it is suggested that exercise in high ambient temperature can induce increase responses of catecholamines and cytokines which may negatively influence on immune functions. Body fluid replacements during exercise in high ambient temperature, however, can attenuate the negative consequences of thermal stress on immune functions by preventing dehydration and reducing thermal stress.

영어초록

The purpose of the current research was to investigate the effects of body fluid replacement by water or sport drinks on the hormonal, inflammatory cytokine and immune responses during exercise in high ambient temperature. The subjects of the current research were 10 elite athletes. The subjects were asked to perform treadmill running at 75%HRR for 60 minutes in four different conditions, controlled by the environmental chamber: 1) thermoneutral environment (TE), 2) high ambient temperature environment (HE), 3) high ambient temperature environment and body fluid replacement by water (HW), and 4) high ambient temperature environment and body fluid replacement by sport drink(HS). Ambient temperature and relative humidity were set at 18℃ and 50%, respectively, for the theromoneutral environment, and 32℃ and 50% for the high ambient temperature environment. The amount of fluid replaced during two different fluid replacing conditions (HW and HS) were equivalent to the difference in body weight between pre and post completion of the running in HE. The defined amounts of the fluids were administered orally with separations during the exercise trials. Blood samples were taken at rest, at immediately after exercise, and at 60-minute of recovery. For catecholamine responses, the level of epinephrine immediately after exercise appeared to be significantly higher in HE compared to the other treatment conditions (p<.05), while the level of norepinephrine appeared to be significantly higher in HE compared to TE (p<.05). For cytokine responses, the level of IL-6 immediately after exercise appeared to be significantly higher in HE compared to TE (p<.05) while the levels of TNF-α were shown to significantly increase at immediately after exercise in all treatment conditions except TE (p<.05). For immune responses, the levels of T-cell were shown to significantly increase at immediately after exercise in all treatment conditions except TE (p<.05), and the level appeared to be significantly higher in HE compared to TE (p<.05); the level of NK-cell appeared to be higher at immediately after exercise in HE compare to TE (p<.05); the level of neutrophil was shown to significantly increase at immediately after exercise in HE (p<.05); the levels of lymphocyte were shown to significantly increase in TE and HE at immediately after exercise (p<.05); and the level of monocyte appeared to be significantly higher in HE compared to TE at immediately after exercise (p<.05). On the base of the results of the current study, it is suggested that exercise in high ambient temperature can induce increase responses of catecholamines and cytokines which may negatively influence on immune functions. Body fluid replacements during exercise in high ambient temperature, however, can attenuate the negative consequences of thermal stress on immune functions by preventing dehydration and reducing thermal stress.

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