파리의 탈산업화: 산업체 이전의 양상과 원인 - 19세기 중반부터 20세기 중반까지를 중심으로 (The Deindustrialization of Paris: from the Middle of the 19th Century to the Middle of the 20th Century)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국프랑스사학회
· 수록지 정보 : 프랑스사 연구 / 28호 / 123 ~ 152페이지
· 저자명 : 류은하

초록

Le transfert des industries parisiennes vers la banlieue commence véritablement depuis 1860 où une partie de la banlieue est annexée à Paris. Durant la crise(1870-1890) les établissements quittent Paris pour s’installer dans la Petite Couronne et la désindustrialisation à Paris s’accélère. A partir de 1900, le nombre des entreprises diminue dans tous les quartiers de Paris et dans toutes les branches d’activité. Pendant l’entre-deux-guerres l’industrialisation s’achève en banlieue, alors que Paris devient une ville de services et non plus d’indutries.
Les éléments qui aident le transfert des entreprises sont divers: le prix modéré du terrain en banlieue, le développement du chemin de fer et du canal, les exemptions d’octroi pour les communes hors de Paris. De plus la politique urbaine du départment de la Seine qui tente de repousser les industries et ses ouvriers à la périphérie de la capitale impose de transférer les entreprises vers la banlieue. D’autant que la crise économique est plus rigoureuse à la capitale que sa banlieue, elle favorise également la désindustrialisation de Paris.

영어초록

The relocation of the Parisian industries to the suburbs began in earnest since 1860 that a part of the outside towns was annexed into the districts of Paris and the suburbs started the growth. During the economic crisis(1870-1890), the enterprises moved out of Paris to open factories in the suburban areas, and the deindustrialization of Paris was a growing trend. After 1900 the number of the companies was reduced in the districts of Paris and in every industry field. During the interwar period, the industrialization finished, while Paris became a city of service and no more city of the industry.
The elements that assist the transference of the companies were various: relatively inexpensive price of land in the suburbs, the development of railroad and canal, the exemption from octroi for the outside towns of Paris. In addition, the urban policy in the department of Seine that tried to drive the factories and the workers out of Paris, impose the industries into making a transfer to the suburb. Because the economic crisis was more harsh in Paris than in the suburbs, the crisis also promoted the deindustrialization of Paris.

참고자료

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