토마스 쿤의 “과학혁명론”으로 보는 기독교신학 이해: 쿤의 패러다임 변혁론에서의 “공약불가능성”과 연속성의 논지를 중심으로 (The Understanding of Christian Theology in relation to Thomas Kuhn’s “Theory of Scientific Revolutions”: focused on the concept of “incommensurability” and the issue of the continuity in the thesis of)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 연세대학교 한국기독교문화연구소
· 수록지 정보 : 신학논단 / 70권 / 103 ~ 134페이지
· 저자명 : 안택윤

초록

This paper is for a comparative study between theology and science in view of the theory of paradigm shifts. Empirical rationalists’ thesis that scientific knowledge which can be justified only by the empirical observation is meaningful has failed in verifying their arguments. And also by the concept of ‘theory-laden observation,’ their thesis of objectivity and neutrality of scientific knowledge fell down. Meanwhile, Thomas Kuhn’s ‘theory of scientific revolution’ which is based on the understanding of the history of science emerges. According to the theory, the science is not developed by the accumulation of knowledge and gradual modification but by the revolutionary replacement of the normal science with a new paradigm of science which is appeared with the crisis triggered by the anomalous data in a certain point. In this process, ‘the incommensurability’ which is a core concept in Kuhn’s paradigm shift theory emerges. Incommensurability does not mean the in-comparability nor relativism but includes local comparability and continuity in fundamental scientific practices. Accepting Kuhn’s thesis, Hans Küng observes the history of Christian theology in 4-5 stages of the paradigm shift following Kuhn’s basic frame of normal science-crisis-new paradigm. Based on the moderate concept of incommensurability mentioned above, Küng articulates the ‘truth’ and the continuity of Christian traditions. It seems that Küng has successfully applied Kuhn’s thesis in theology except some tendency to objectivism due to Christian truth. Paying attention to the concept of incommensurability, one needs to be cautious not to be fell into either rationalistic objectivism or radical relativism in promoting a new theological paradigm for future

영어초록

This paper is for a comparative study between theology and science in view of the theory of paradigm shifts. Empirical rationalists’ thesis that scientific knowledge which can be justified only by the empirical observation is meaningful has failed in verifying their arguments. And also by the concept of ‘theory-laden observation,’ their thesis of objectivity and neutrality of scientific knowledge fell down. Meanwhile, Thomas Kuhn’s ‘theory of scientific revolution’ which is based on the understanding of the history of science emerges. According to the theory, the science is not developed by the accumulation of knowledge and gradual modification but by the revolutionary replacement of the normal science with a new paradigm of science which is appeared with the crisis triggered by the anomalous data in a certain point. In this process, ‘the incommensurability’ which is a core concept in Kuhn’s paradigm shift theory emerges. Incommensurability does not mean the in-comparability nor relativism but includes local comparability and continuity in fundamental scientific practices. Accepting Kuhn’s thesis, Hans Küng observes the history of Christian theology in 4-5 stages of the paradigm shift following Kuhn’s basic frame of normal science-crisis-new paradigm. Based on the moderate concept of incommensurability mentioned above, Küng articulates the ‘truth’ and the continuity of Christian traditions. It seems that Küng has successfully applied Kuhn’s thesis in theology except some tendency to objectivism due to Christian truth. Paying attention to the concept of incommensurability, one needs to be cautious not to be fell into either rationalistic objectivism or radical relativism in promoting a new theological paradigm for future

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