고대 이스라엘의 신정 공동체와 “공정한 사회” (The Theocratic Community of Ancient Israel and “A Just Society”)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 연세대학교 한국기독교문화연구소
· 수록지 정보 : 신학논단 / 63권 / 7 ~ 32페이지
· 저자명 : 강성열

초록

This article intends to present a theological answer to the crisis of publicness in Korean Society and to the emphasis of building “a just society”in Korea proclaimed by President Lee on August 15th of National Liberation Day. To solve the problem of publicness-crisis and build a just society in Korea is a very important national task for the health of Korean Society. It will also help to enhance the fallen social credit of Korean churches.
Old Testament teaches us that the ancient Israelite community beginning with the exodus liberation had a strong inclination of theocratic community. Through the divine grace of exodus liberation, Israelite community,the people of the lower classes in Egypt, became a faith community serving Yahweh God, the protector of the weak against the strong.
In the wilderness period, Israelite community realized an important fact that the wilderness was a wonderful training place to teach something about the establishment of just society through the equal distribution of the daily bread(manna and quail). They also realized that the promised land was the gift of liberating God and the equal distribution of the promised land was the basis of just society.
But the kingship which Israel began in the promised land prevented the establishment of just society. Israelite kings should have ruled the Israelite society through justice and righteousness under the recognization of divine kingship in Israel, but rather most of the kings disregarded the divine kingship of Yahweh and oppressed the people through the abuse of their political power. The Psalms 72 teaches that kings must depend on Yahweh and assume the responsibility for the exercise of their power through their just and democratic rule.
In addition, the three law codes of ancient Israel in the Old Testament show a keen interest in the socio-economical injustice and inequality and clarify their intention of protecting the weak from the oppressions of the rich and powerful. Israelite prophets are also deeply interested in the establishment of a just society and an ideal theocratic community based on the divine justice on behalf of the divine kingship.

영어초록

This article intends to present a theological answer to the crisis of publicness in Korean Society and to the emphasis of building “a just society”in Korea proclaimed by President Lee on August 15th of National Liberation Day. To solve the problem of publicness-crisis and build a just society in Korea is a very important national task for the health of Korean Society. It will also help to enhance the fallen social credit of Korean churches.
Old Testament teaches us that the ancient Israelite community beginning with the exodus liberation had a strong inclination of theocratic community. Through the divine grace of exodus liberation, Israelite community,the people of the lower classes in Egypt, became a faith community serving Yahweh God, the protector of the weak against the strong.
In the wilderness period, Israelite community realized an important fact that the wilderness was a wonderful training place to teach something about the establishment of just society through the equal distribution of the daily bread(manna and quail). They also realized that the promised land was the gift of liberating God and the equal distribution of the promised land was the basis of just society.
But the kingship which Israel began in the promised land prevented the establishment of just society. Israelite kings should have ruled the Israelite society through justice and righteousness under the recognization of divine kingship in Israel, but rather most of the kings disregarded the divine kingship of Yahweh and oppressed the people through the abuse of their political power. The Psalms 72 teaches that kings must depend on Yahweh and assume the responsibility for the exercise of their power through their just and democratic rule.
In addition, the three law codes of ancient Israel in the Old Testament show a keen interest in the socio-economical injustice and inequality and clarify their intention of protecting the weak from the oppressions of the rich and powerful. Israelite prophets are also deeply interested in the establishment of a just society and an ideal theocratic community based on the divine justice on behalf of the divine kingship.

참고자료

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