창가학회 재가주의 불교운동의 확립과정과 그 의미 (The Establishment Process and the Significance of the Secularist Buddhist Movement of the Soka Gakkai International)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국종교학회
· 수록지 정보 : 종교연구 / 77권 / 3호 / 127 ~ 153페이지
· 저자명 : 박승길

초록

In most religions, clericalism traditionally claims exclusive control of supply and demand regarding goods of salvation. Through such control, religious authorities are also able to exercise their ruling power on the secular world.
However, as the religious disenchantment becomes more common in the laity, ecclesiastical clericalism always becomes the target for religious reformation.
Based on the Buddhist belief that all people equally possess Buddhahood, Mahayana Buddhism is fundamentally different from Hinayana Buddhism in not emphasizing clericalism. The Soka Gakkai International (SGI; literally, “Society for the Creation of Value”), which is known as the roots of KSGI (Korean SGI), has no priests or clergy. The SGI has completely repudiated clericalism by going through separation and independence from the Nichirenshoshu order.
This paper studies the establishment of SGI by analyzing the severance from clericalism and religious rationalization following the detachment. The distinction of secular and sacred has been the traditional role of the clergyman.
Meanwhile, the laic understood salvation as the sanctification of the secularity, and tried to overcome the dichotomy between the profane and the sacred. This paper discusses layman's such perception as the religious ratification and the departure from religious traditionalism. Clericalism focuses on maintaining divinity and devoutness of the place where the sacred who came to the profane is governing (e.g. Taisekiji), while laitism focuses on everyday-life activities during which the sanctification and concurrence of secularity occurs over time (e.g. discussion meetings). SGI, including KSGI, encourages their members to achieve “human revolution”—the idea that the inner transformation of an individual can cause a positive change in one’s circumstances and ultimately in society as a whole during his or her lifetime. Religious society in Korea shows strong clericalism where the clergymen assumes governance, but the laic gradually becomes skeptical of clergies and criticism on clericalism is quite vigorous. However, it is hard to find religious movements of the laic. This paper is only a case related to one religious community, but can be used to explore the possibility and orientation of religious movements initiated by the laic.

영어초록

In most religions, clericalism traditionally claims exclusive control of supply and demand regarding goods of salvation. Through such control, religious authorities are also able to exercise their ruling power on the secular world.
However, as the religious disenchantment becomes more common in the laity, ecclesiastical clericalism always becomes the target for religious reformation.
Based on the Buddhist belief that all people equally possess Buddhahood, Mahayana Buddhism is fundamentally different from Hinayana Buddhism in not emphasizing clericalism. The Soka Gakkai International (SGI; literally, “Society for the Creation of Value”), which is known as the roots of KSGI (Korean SGI), has no priests or clergy. The SGI has completely repudiated clericalism by going through separation and independence from the Nichirenshoshu order.
This paper studies the establishment of SGI by analyzing the severance from clericalism and religious rationalization following the detachment. The distinction of secular and sacred has been the traditional role of the clergyman.
Meanwhile, the laic understood salvation as the sanctification of the secularity, and tried to overcome the dichotomy between the profane and the sacred. This paper discusses layman's such perception as the religious ratification and the departure from religious traditionalism. Clericalism focuses on maintaining divinity and devoutness of the place where the sacred who came to the profane is governing (e.g. Taisekiji), while laitism focuses on everyday-life activities during which the sanctification and concurrence of secularity occurs over time (e.g. discussion meetings). SGI, including KSGI, encourages their members to achieve “human revolution”—the idea that the inner transformation of an individual can cause a positive change in one’s circumstances and ultimately in society as a whole during his or her lifetime. Religious society in Korea shows strong clericalism where the clergymen assumes governance, but the laic gradually becomes skeptical of clergies and criticism on clericalism is quite vigorous. However, it is hard to find religious movements of the laic. This paper is only a case related to one religious community, but can be used to explore the possibility and orientation of religious movements initiated by the laic.

참고자료

· 없음