4차 십자군과 베네치아의 경제 발전 (The Fourth Crusade and Its Effects on the Economic Development of Venice)

서지정보

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· 수록지 정보 : 전북사학 / 32호 / 155 ~ 180페이지
· 저자명 : 남종국

초록

The Fourth Crusade begins with Pope Innocent Ⅲ issuing a crusading bull on 15 August 1198 and ends with the conquest of Constantinople in 13 April 1204 by the Venetians and the soldiers of the Fourth Crusade. This historical event caused shocks to the contemporary peoples. And until now it remains a hot issue drawing much attention of historians.
The question of the diversion of the Fourth Crusade toward Constantinople continues to be a fundamental preoccupation of the historians. But this article focuses on the economic aspect neglected in the previous literature. It aims to know how much the Fourth Crusade effected the economic development of Venice. There are some controversies about the Fourth Crusade's effects on the economic development of Venice. It has been generally accepted that the maritime city of Venice obtained the greatest gain from the conquest of Byzantium empire. But some historians such as George I. Bratianu, Robert L. Wolff and Louise Buenger Robbert suggest another opinion. For example Louis Buenger Robbert argues that the city of Constantinople declined as a business center during the second quarter of the thirteenth Century. However, both sides have their own weak points. The purpose of this article is thus to examine them in detail and to propose more balanced view.
This paper reaches some conclusions by examining historical research and essential sources, for example, chronicles of Geoffroy of Villehardouin and Robert of Clari. The first conclusion is that Venice was already a great maritime republic before the Fourth Crusade. But a more important conclusion is that the Fourth Crusade made it possible for Venice to become finally a maritime empire in the Mediterranean Sea, despite of much sacrifice of human and material resources during the half-century after the conquest of Constantinople.

영어초록

The Fourth Crusade begins with Pope Innocent Ⅲ issuing a crusading bull on 15 August 1198 and ends with the conquest of Constantinople in 13 April 1204 by the Venetians and the soldiers of the Fourth Crusade. This historical event caused shocks to the contemporary peoples. And until now it remains a hot issue drawing much attention of historians.
The question of the diversion of the Fourth Crusade toward Constantinople continues to be a fundamental preoccupation of the historians. But this article focuses on the economic aspect neglected in the previous literature. It aims to know how much the Fourth Crusade effected the economic development of Venice. There are some controversies about the Fourth Crusade's effects on the economic development of Venice. It has been generally accepted that the maritime city of Venice obtained the greatest gain from the conquest of Byzantium empire. But some historians such as George I. Bratianu, Robert L. Wolff and Louise Buenger Robbert suggest another opinion. For example Louis Buenger Robbert argues that the city of Constantinople declined as a business center during the second quarter of the thirteenth Century. However, both sides have their own weak points. The purpose of this article is thus to examine them in detail and to propose more balanced view.
This paper reaches some conclusions by examining historical research and essential sources, for example, chronicles of Geoffroy of Villehardouin and Robert of Clari. The first conclusion is that Venice was already a great maritime republic before the Fourth Crusade. But a more important conclusion is that the Fourth Crusade made it possible for Venice to become finally a maritime empire in the Mediterranean Sea, despite of much sacrifice of human and material resources during the half-century after the conquest of Constantinople.

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