澁澤係 지주회사 朝鮮興業株式會社(1904-1945)의 재무구조와 대주주 및 경영진 분석 (A Study on the Farm Management of Agriculture of Large Japanese Landowners under the Japanese Rule ― Focusing on the Chosun Promotion of Industry Co. Ltd. of the Shibusawa(澁澤) Financial Combine ―)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 이화여자대학교 이화사학연구소
· 수록지 정보 : 이화사학연구 / 35호 / 149 ~ 179페이지
· 저자명 : 하지연

초록

This study analyzes Chosun Promotion of Industry Co., Ltd.(朝鮮興業株式會社) of the Shibusawa(澁澤) Financial Combine, the representative case of farm management of large Japanese landowners under the Japanese rule of Korea. Chosun Promotion of Industry Co., Ltd.(朝鮮興業) which was one of the first ranking companies in Shibusawa Eiichi(澁澤榮一) belonging to Japanese bank circles contributed greatly to the development of Japanese capitalists. Also, it was the typical case of promoting self-interest through helping Japan achieve its own. So Chosun Promotion of Industry Co., Ltd. was consistently supported by public powers of Japan since its foundation, and it could make an excess of colonial profits because of the reciprocal relationship with Japan, carrying out faithfully the agriculture policy of Japan in Korea and providing monetary aid in return.
Chosun Promotion of Industry Co., Ltd. established the huge farms that had more than seventeen thousand jung bo(町步)―a kind of land measure unit―across Korea, and had about sixteen thousands and five hundred tenants that belonged to it since 1904. Also, it made high-rate profits because it supported the policy and the monetary policy of colonial power, and cooperated with Japan in the agriculture policy by exploiting Korean labor until 1945. It means that Chosun Promotion of Industry Co., Ltd. was the largest landowner company as a private landowner except Dong Yang Chuck Sik Co., Ltd.(東洋拓植株式會社) which was a national policy corporation in agriculture and occupied over 80% of economic production power in Korea. Chosun Promotion of Industry Co., Ltd. occupied almost 8% arable land of the large Japanese landowners who took possession of over 30 jung bo in Korea, and was the greatest company which held 3% of the total land including Korean landowners' land in Korea. This study is an investigation into colonial exploitation in agricultural management of Chosun Promotion of Industry Co. Ltd., because it is necessary to show agricultural distortions in Korea by Japan, the ruin of Korea during the colonial period, as well as the obstacle to modern economical development and the frustration of the possibility of future growth.
This study verified the reciprocal relationship between a Japanese-owned company and Japan's public power, their exploitative colonial agriculture management, the distribution of an excess of colonial profits, the semi-feudalistic structure toward Korean tenant farmers, and the miserable economic states of Korean tenant farmers, through the case study of Chosun Promotion of Industry Co., Ltd. during the colonial period. On the basis of the study, the semi-feudalistic and colonial features on Korean agriculture management of Chosun Promotion of Industry Co. Ltd. are the following.
Koreans were throughly excluded from the construction of management and heavy stockholders, and profits from colonial Korea went into Japan's heavy stockholders and companies' holding funds. So Koreans became exploitative targets in the process of production and improvement in profits.
In conclusion, Chosun Promotion of Industry was supported by Japan's public power for over 50 years of the colonial period, and was the agricultural stock holding company that did agricultural administration, and had features such as the government office. Also, it was one of the largest sized individual stock holding company, and managed the agricultural company in the tenant system all over Korea. In fact, Chosun Promotion of Industry became another power organization to colonial Korea. So it is unreasonable to discuss Korean control of the large capital supported by Japan's public power and the reorganization of agricultural structure, under the pretense of modernization and development. It was the improvement, not development, that was the requirement for maximizing plunge and even the expense for enforcing colonial semi-feudalistic exploitation system was supplemented by the profit from the colony. Therefore, the feature of Chosun Promotion of Industry's agricultural management was colonial semi-feudalism.

영어초록

This study analyzes Chosun Promotion of Industry Co., Ltd.(朝鮮興業株式會社) of the Shibusawa(澁澤) Financial Combine, the representative case of farm management of large Japanese landowners under the Japanese rule of Korea. Chosun Promotion of Industry Co., Ltd.(朝鮮興業) which was one of the first ranking companies in Shibusawa Eiichi(澁澤榮一) belonging to Japanese bank circles contributed greatly to the development of Japanese capitalists. Also, it was the typical case of promoting self-interest through helping Japan achieve its own. So Chosun Promotion of Industry Co., Ltd. was consistently supported by public powers of Japan since its foundation, and it could make an excess of colonial profits because of the reciprocal relationship with Japan, carrying out faithfully the agriculture policy of Japan in Korea and providing monetary aid in return.
Chosun Promotion of Industry Co., Ltd. established the huge farms that had more than seventeen thousand jung bo(町步)―a kind of land measure unit―across Korea, and had about sixteen thousands and five hundred tenants that belonged to it since 1904. Also, it made high-rate profits because it supported the policy and the monetary policy of colonial power, and cooperated with Japan in the agriculture policy by exploiting Korean labor until 1945. It means that Chosun Promotion of Industry Co., Ltd. was the largest landowner company as a private landowner except Dong Yang Chuck Sik Co., Ltd.(東洋拓植株式會社) which was a national policy corporation in agriculture and occupied over 80% of economic production power in Korea. Chosun Promotion of Industry Co., Ltd. occupied almost 8% arable land of the large Japanese landowners who took possession of over 30 jung bo in Korea, and was the greatest company which held 3% of the total land including Korean landowners' land in Korea. This study is an investigation into colonial exploitation in agricultural management of Chosun Promotion of Industry Co. Ltd., because it is necessary to show agricultural distortions in Korea by Japan, the ruin of Korea during the colonial period, as well as the obstacle to modern economical development and the frustration of the possibility of future growth.
This study verified the reciprocal relationship between a Japanese-owned company and Japan's public power, their exploitative colonial agriculture management, the distribution of an excess of colonial profits, the semi-feudalistic structure toward Korean tenant farmers, and the miserable economic states of Korean tenant farmers, through the case study of Chosun Promotion of Industry Co., Ltd. during the colonial period. On the basis of the study, the semi-feudalistic and colonial features on Korean agriculture management of Chosun Promotion of Industry Co. Ltd. are the following.
Koreans were throughly excluded from the construction of management and heavy stockholders, and profits from colonial Korea went into Japan's heavy stockholders and companies' holding funds. So Koreans became exploitative targets in the process of production and improvement in profits.
In conclusion, Chosun Promotion of Industry was supported by Japan's public power for over 50 years of the colonial period, and was the agricultural stock holding company that did agricultural administration, and had features such as the government office. Also, it was one of the largest sized individual stock holding company, and managed the agricultural company in the tenant system all over Korea. In fact, Chosun Promotion of Industry became another power organization to colonial Korea. So it is unreasonable to discuss Korean control of the large capital supported by Japan's public power and the reorganization of agricultural structure, under the pretense of modernization and development. It was the improvement, not development, that was the requirement for maximizing plunge and even the expense for enforcing colonial semi-feudalistic exploitation system was supplemented by the profit from the colony. Therefore, the feature of Chosun Promotion of Industry's agricultural management was colonial semi-feudalism.

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