朱熹의 사회‧정치적 구상으로서의 “學” ― “功利之學,” “空虛之學”과의 대조를 중심으로 ― (Zhu Xi's Learning as a Sociopolitical Agenda: In Contrast to the “Learning of Achievement and Profit” and the “Learning of Void and Empty”)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 동양사학회
· 수록지 정보 : 동양사학연구 / 104호 / 85 ~ 120페이지
· 저자명 : 민병희

초록

We can find the most systemic discussion of Zhu Xi's sociopolitical agenda in his criticism of the “Learning of Achievement and Profit (gongli)” and the “Learning of Void and Empty (kongxu)” and contrast between his own and those two approaches. The “Learning of Achievement and Profit” generally points to the way of ordering the world only through legal and institutional means, which, he argued, is grounded in a wrong assumption of human nature. The “Learning of Void and Empty” mainly targets to attack Buddhism and Daoism, of which the major problem results from their incorrect view of li as void and empty not as real. Zhu Xi believed that such a view of li cannot provide any real ground to be shared in society so that society become a total anarchy. In contrast to those wrong ways, he presented his learning as the only right way to order the world, through which we can find the ground to be shared in society and order can be brought to society, based on individual's moral autonomy. This paper analyzes Zhu Xi's sociopolitical agenda in the historical context of Southern Song society when a new paradigm for political power and social organization and management was urgently pursued. Zhu Xi's sociopolitical agenda historically constructed ‘literati society’ of which understanding often evades the analytical frameworks based on the western models. Gaining a better understanding of Zhu Xi's learning as a sociopolitical agenda and the historical context in which it was formulated helps us to explain social structures and the historical changes of East Asian societies since the Song from a fresh perspective.

영어초록

We can find the most systemic discussion of Zhu Xi's sociopolitical agenda in his criticism of the “Learning of Achievement and Profit (gongli)” and the “Learning of Void and Empty (kongxu)” and contrast between his own and those two approaches. The “Learning of Achievement and Profit” generally points to the way of ordering the world only through legal and institutional means, which, he argued, is grounded in a wrong assumption of human nature. The “Learning of Void and Empty” mainly targets to attack Buddhism and Daoism, of which the major problem results from their incorrect view of li as void and empty not as real. Zhu Xi believed that such a view of li cannot provide any real ground to be shared in society so that society become a total anarchy. In contrast to those wrong ways, he presented his learning as the only right way to order the world, through which we can find the ground to be shared in society and order can be brought to society, based on individual's moral autonomy. This paper analyzes Zhu Xi's sociopolitical agenda in the historical context of Southern Song society when a new paradigm for political power and social organization and management was urgently pursued. Zhu Xi's sociopolitical agenda historically constructed ‘literati society’ of which understanding often evades the analytical frameworks based on the western models. Gaining a better understanding of Zhu Xi's learning as a sociopolitical agenda and the historical context in which it was formulated helps us to explain social structures and the historical changes of East Asian societies since the Song from a fresh perspective.

참고자료

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