일제말기 지방․국토계획론과 경인시가지계획 (Kyeong-In Town Plan and the evolution of Regional planning and Land development program at the end of the colonial period)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 서울시립대학교 서울학연구소
· 수록지 정보 : 서울학연구 / 32호 / 171 ~ 204페이지
· 저자명 : 염복규

초록

Regional planning was developed in the west as a countermeasure against disorganized expansions of city areas. The plan was soon introduced in Japan, where, with the invasion of China, it was adopted as a land development program to facilitate mobilizing resources for executing the war. Colonized Korea imported the concept of regional planning, which had a hidden agenda of rationalizing the status of Korea as a base within the war plan of Japan. According to regional planning in Korea, Kyeong-In region(京仁地域) was supposed to be one of the most strategically important place on the route of invasion of the Chinese continent.
Against this background, Kyeong-In Town Plan(京仁市街地計劃) was launched. At the initial stage, the key of the plan was to develop Pupyeong district(富平地區) which was selected as a location of military industry. However, Kyeong-In Town Plan was not confined to it. At this stage, Some officials at the Japanese Government-General in Korea(朝鮮總督府) conceived an idea of a larger scale, i.e. developing metroplex around the city of Kyeongseong(京城, Keijo).
The concept of metroplex encompassed restraining expansion of megalopolis, constructing satellite cities, separating cities with green belts, and connecting cities with express transportation. Those goals were identical with an ideal of garden city and regional planning developed in the west.
Since the liberation, the capital Seoul has developed in a route seemingly identical with the vision of metroplex formed in the later days of the colonialist rule. However Seoul turned out a sprawling megalopolis, a far cry from the ideal of regional planning or the garden city. The reason must be either the initial idea of city decentralization was just unrealistic or the idea was distorted during the course of execution by the action of unseen powers. Which one is closer to the truth? Maybe the effort of pursuing the answer to this puzzle itself can be the first step toward a more desirable future of this megalopolis, which has already met an critical point of expansion.

영어초록

Regional planning was developed in the west as a countermeasure against disorganized expansions of city areas. The plan was soon introduced in Japan, where, with the invasion of China, it was adopted as a land development program to facilitate mobilizing resources for executing the war. Colonized Korea imported the concept of regional planning, which had a hidden agenda of rationalizing the status of Korea as a base within the war plan of Japan. According to regional planning in Korea, Kyeong-In region(京仁地域) was supposed to be one of the most strategically important place on the route of invasion of the Chinese continent.
Against this background, Kyeong-In Town Plan(京仁市街地計劃) was launched. At the initial stage, the key of the plan was to develop Pupyeong district(富平地區) which was selected as a location of military industry. However, Kyeong-In Town Plan was not confined to it. At this stage, Some officials at the Japanese Government-General in Korea(朝鮮總督府) conceived an idea of a larger scale, i.e. developing metroplex around the city of Kyeongseong(京城, Keijo).
The concept of metroplex encompassed restraining expansion of megalopolis, constructing satellite cities, separating cities with green belts, and connecting cities with express transportation. Those goals were identical with an ideal of garden city and regional planning developed in the west.
Since the liberation, the capital Seoul has developed in a route seemingly identical with the vision of metroplex formed in the later days of the colonialist rule. However Seoul turned out a sprawling megalopolis, a far cry from the ideal of regional planning or the garden city. The reason must be either the initial idea of city decentralization was just unrealistic or the idea was distorted during the course of execution by the action of unseen powers. Which one is closer to the truth? Maybe the effort of pursuing the answer to this puzzle itself can be the first step toward a more desirable future of this megalopolis, which has already met an critical point of expansion.

참고자료

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