淸末 奏摺의 전달방식의 변천 (The Development of Transmission Systems for Palace Memorials in the Late Qing Dynasty)

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초록

In the late Qing dynasty, new means of transportation such as railways,steamships and modern postal systems were introduced into China. This paper analyzes the influence of these modern inventions on the transmission of palace memorials by comparing the transmission speeds of the palace memorials of 1838 and 1906.
Originally palace memorials were prohibited from being transmitted through postal stations (yizhan) since they were informal communications between the emperor and his provincial officials. Due to the economic burden associated with sending these communications independently of the postal stations, officials tended to send them through post stations regardless. By the time of the late Qing dynasty, the practice was pervasive throughout officialdom. Based on an analysis of the sample memorials of 1838, the average speed of palace memorials was 165 li (82.5km) a day.
Once modern methods of transportation and the Imperial Post Office (Daqing youzhengju) were introduced in the late Qing dynasty, mail could, in theory, be transmitted at unprecedented speeds. Nevertheless, an examination of the transmission speed of palace memorials in 1906 demonstrates that these new transportation methods had a limited influence on the actual speed of palace memorials. This situation mainly derived from provincial officials' disfavor on the new postal service as well as the expensive transportation charges of the day.

영어초록

In the late Qing dynasty, new means of transportation such as railways,steamships and modern postal systems were introduced into China. This paper analyzes the influence of these modern inventions on the transmission of palace memorials by comparing the transmission speeds of the palace memorials of 1838 and 1906.
Originally palace memorials were prohibited from being transmitted through postal stations (yizhan) since they were informal communications between the emperor and his provincial officials. Due to the economic burden associated with sending these communications independently of the postal stations, officials tended to send them through post stations regardless. By the time of the late Qing dynasty, the practice was pervasive throughout officialdom. Based on an analysis of the sample memorials of 1838, the average speed of palace memorials was 165 li (82.5km) a day.
Once modern methods of transportation and the Imperial Post Office (Daqing youzhengju) were introduced in the late Qing dynasty, mail could, in theory, be transmitted at unprecedented speeds. Nevertheless, an examination of the transmission speed of palace memorials in 1906 demonstrates that these new transportation methods had a limited influence on the actual speed of palace memorials. This situation mainly derived from provincial officials' disfavor on the new postal service as well as the expensive transportation charges of the day.

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