韓日會談에 있어 韓國政府의 在日朝鮮人認識 (The Recognition of Korean residents in Japan by South Korea Government in South Korean-Japan Conference)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한일민족문제학회
· 수록지 정보 : 韓日民族問題硏究 / 19호 / 193 ~ 234페이지
· 저자명 : 김현수

초록

本稿では、近年公開された日韓会談関連文書を十分活用し、日韓会談における在日朝鮮人問題を論じた先行研究を踏まえつつ、主に韓国側の会談関連文書を用いて韓国政府の在日朝鮮人認識を検討した。その際、永住権や強制退去問題に関連する発言や議論の変化に注目し、韓国政府の在日朝鮮人に対する「無自覚的な棄民」から「自覚的な棄民」へ至る過程を明らかにしようと試みた。本稿は、まず、GHQ占領期におけるGHQと日本政府の在日朝鮮人認識を検討した上、本格的な日韓会談に入る前に、韓国政府によって作成された４つの文書群を通じて韓国政府の在日朝鮮人問題に対する基本方針を確認した。そして、14年間における日韓会談の関連文書を通じて、韓国政府の会談担当者の発言や議論の変化などに注目し、特に永住権や強制退去問題に関しては、韓国政府における朴正熙政権以前と以後は大きな違いがあったことを確認した。また、日韓会談に深く関わってきた人物や会談参加者たちの言葉からは、韓国政府の在日朝鮮人認識が冷戦イデオロギーに基づいた否定的なものであったことも確認した。14年間の日韓会談について在日朝鮮人社会も積極的に反応して来た。全般的に民団系の同胞は日韓会談促進運動を展開しながら、法的地位要求貫徹運動を展開し、総聯系の同胞は日韓会談反対運動を展開した。民団系の同胞の中では民団中央に反発し、日韓会談反対の声もあったが、民団中央とは方法論の違いであって、総聯系の同胞の反対論理に同調するものではなかった。同時代を生きていた在日朝鮮人は自らの存在を「棄民」であると認識していた。日韓会談関連文書の検討を通じて国家から保護されるべき在外国民の権利が放棄されていく過程、また意識的に放棄していく様子が確認できた。その過程は日韓会談14年間一貫した性質のものではなく、第6次会談からはかない変わって行ったのである。それを「無自覚的な棄民」から「自覚的な棄民」へと名付けたわけであるが、在日朝鮮人においても日韓会談14年は自ら「棄民」であることを強く自覚させたてと言えるであろう。

영어초록

In this paper, I investigated the Korean government's recognition of Korea Japanese in 1965 Korea-Japan talks, on the basis of previous scholarly works using related documents about the talks. At this point, focusing on changes of statements and discussion about their permanent residence rights and forceful deportation issue, I tried to clarify the process from ‘neglecting Korea Japanese’ to ‘consciously neglecting them.’

First, I examined GHQ authorities and the Japanese government's recognition of Korean Japanese and verified the basic guidelines of the Korean government through four groups of documents which the Korean government drew out for the talks. Examining related documents on 14 years of the talks, I confirmed that there were many differences in participants' remarks especially about the permanent residence rights and forceful deportation issue, between before and after the Park administration. Related people's statements in the talks clearly showed that the Korean government had negative recognition of Korean Japanese, influenced by cold war ideology.


The Korean Japanese community also responded with full force to the process of the 14 years' talks. Generally, Koreans who belonged to Mindan, pro-South Korean organization, carried out movements of improving their legal status in Japan. On the other hand, Koreans who belonged to Chongnyeon, pro-North Korean organization, totally negated those Korea-Japan talks. While some Mindan people also raised their voices of fundamental opposition to the talks, their logics were different from those of Chongnyeon's and what they were different from the Mindan's official leaders about only lay on method.


Koreans in Japan lived in the same age and society and they were aware that their own presence was being neglected. Examining the talks related documents led me to realize that the Korean government gave up the rights of Koreans living a foreign country even though Korea, as a country, should have protected them and neglected them. However, the process was not consistent for the 14 years because the attitude of the Korean government drastically changed since the 6th talks. I clarified it with the process of ‘neglecting Korea Japanese’ to ‘consciously neglecting them.’ Those 14 years of talks prompted Koreans in Japan to awaken themselves.

참고자료

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