アジアの後期旧石器時代開始期研究の現状と課題:スヤンゲ遺跡第6地点第3⋅4文化層石器群を考える

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국구석기학회
· 수록지 정보 : 한국구석기학보 / 1권 / 35호 / 5 ~ 20페이지
· 저자명 : 佐藤宏之

초록

Recent excavation of the Locality 6 of the Suyanggae Site yielded many large blades and tanged points from the fourth cultural layer, dated to 39-44 ka, and some ‘microblade cores’ from the third cultural layer, dated to 34-36 ka. It is highly possible that these lithic assemblages are concerned with the event of modern human dispersal into East Asia. So that, in this paper these archaeological meanings are estimated, based on the recent advances of the Initial Upper Paleolithic (IUP) and the emergence of first microlithic technological studies in Asia.
Presently, the IUP is widely distributed from Eastern Europe to Northeast Asia in northern Eurasia, dated to 35-50 ka. Since the IUP have large regional variation and main stone tool types are different each area, it cannot be thought that the IUP is a single cultural entity. As all IUP, however, are belong to first stage of the Upper Paleolithic and base on the blade technique, in spite of remaining the lithic technological characteristics of Middle Paleolithic, the IUP is recognized to be first lithic assemblage in the process of modern human dispersal. Recently, Zwyns (2012) analyzed to the Altai IUP in details. He insists that the IUP is Kara-Bom tradition, dated to 40-44ka, which have two types, large and small sized, of blade technologies with volumetric reduction, in spite of preserving the Middle Paleolithic tool types, and consequently, Ust’ Karakol tradition of the Early Upper Paleolithic (EUP), having middle sized blade technology and bladelet/microblade technology, continued.
Large blade technology with volumetric reduction sequence from the fourth cultural layer in the Locality 6 of the Suyanggae Site is mutual character with the Altai IUP, while tanged points are not found in the IUP. Although, in the western Eurasia including the Altai IUP from the Movius line, there present Mousterian with Levallois technology rising to blade technology of the IUP, Mousterian did not distribute in the eastern Eurasia including the Korean Peninsula.
Therefore, it is high likely that large blade technology of the Locality 6 was dispersed from the northern regions.
From the third cultural layer, ‘microblade cores’, which may be appertained to oldest group in Asia, are unearthed.
Bladelet/microblade cores are one of type tools in the Altai EUP and presented in the Levant, Iran, India and Sri Lanka of the Early Upper Paleolithic. Although, in India and Sri Lanka, bladelets can be called rather than microblades and these are unstable morphologically, it is high likely that these are blanks for small bladelet points with retouched base, not for composite thrown spears. While bladelet/microblade being older than 40 ka reported as mentioned above regions, if Zwyns’s hypothesis, which the Altai IUP have no microblade technology, is correct, there present the disconnection between these old one and EUP.

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