베트남 노동송출정책의 현황과 문제점 (VIETNAM GOVERNMENT-INITIATED LABOUR EXPORT: THE LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORKS)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국외국어대학교 동남아연구소
· 수록지 정보 : 동남아연구 / 25권 / 2호 / 225 ~ 248페이지
· 저자명 : 정유경

초록

Since September in 2004, Employment Permit System had been launched in Korea. About 377,233 labour immigrants from 15 countries such as Vietnam, Thailand, Philippine, Indonesia were admitted to Korea under the EPS during the past 9 years(2004 - 2012). Among the total foreign labourers, Vietnamese immigrants account for 23.46%. It obviously shows that Korea is the major labour market that Vietnam government has tried to export labourers as many as possible.
The dilemma was the number of illegal immigrants from Vietnam in Korea. It was estimated at almost 18,000 labourers and over 33% of the total in 2013. Because the illegalization of Vietnamese labourers was getting worse, Korea government notified Vietnam government of the discontinuation of receiving immigrants from Vietnam in September 2012. After 17 months, in January 2014, Vietnamese immigrants could get the entry permission again.
High proportion of illegal labourers from Vietnam is not only due to the problems of the EPS in Korea, but also due to those of labour export policy in Vietnam. In other words, there is an urgent need to research on the major causes of the current situations in Vietnamese institutional terms. This research approach can contribute to solving the underlying cause for illegal labour immigrants from Vietnam.
The research results of this paper are summarized as follow: First, labour export had been led by Vietnam government for several decades. Legislative frameworks supported by Labour code and its enforcement ordinances clearly show how much Vietnam government puts emphasis on labour export policy as a major national project.
Secondly, Vietnam government has enacted two enforcement ordinances to prevent labour migrants from staying illegally in the receiving countries such as Korea, Japan, Taiwan. These two enforcement ordinances imposed the penalty and the deposit on Vietnamese labourers in foreign countries. But, these penalty and deposit each equivalent to US 4,500 dollars are not much burdensome because illegal labourers can earn, at least, US 1,500 dollars per month during the period of illegal status. They would rather choose to be illegals than go back before paying back their debts such as commission fees, other expenditures for labour export. That`s why current legislation about labour export policy can not be effective to control and prevent this serious situation.
Thirdly, the best and the most effective way to prevent illegal stay is to diminish the costs during the proceeding. Because most of expenditure is the commission fees for illegal brokerage firms, it is very necessary to set up a monitoring system for labour migrants who want to go work abroad in Vietnam.

영어초록

Since September in 2004, Employment Permit System had been launched in Korea. About 377,233 labour immigrants from 15 countries such as Vietnam, Thailand, Philippine, Indonesia were admitted to Korea under the EPS during the past 9 years(2004 - 2012). Among the total foreign labourers, Vietnamese immigrants account for 23.46%. It obviously shows that Korea is the major labour market that Vietnam government has tried to export labourers as many as possible.
The dilemma was the number of illegal immigrants from Vietnam in Korea. It was estimated at almost 18,000 labourers and over 33% of the total in 2013. Because the illegalization of Vietnamese labourers was getting worse, Korea government notified Vietnam government of the discontinuation of receiving immigrants from Vietnam in September 2012. After 17 months, in January 2014, Vietnamese immigrants could get the entry permission again.
High proportion of illegal labourers from Vietnam is not only due to the problems of the EPS in Korea, but also due to those of labour export policy in Vietnam. In other words, there is an urgent need to research on the major causes of the current situations in Vietnamese institutional terms. This research approach can contribute to solving the underlying cause for illegal labour immigrants from Vietnam.
The research results of this paper are summarized as follow: First, labour export had been led by Vietnam government for several decades. Legislative frameworks supported by Labour code and its enforcement ordinances clearly show how much Vietnam government puts emphasis on labour export policy as a major national project.
Secondly, Vietnam government has enacted two enforcement ordinances to prevent labour migrants from staying illegally in the receiving countries such as Korea, Japan, Taiwan. These two enforcement ordinances imposed the penalty and the deposit on Vietnamese labourers in foreign countries. But, these penalty and deposit each equivalent to US 4,500 dollars are not much burdensome because illegal labourers can earn, at least, US 1,500 dollars per month during the period of illegal status. They would rather choose to be illegals than go back before paying back their debts such as commission fees, other expenditures for labour export. That`s why current legislation about labour export policy can not be effective to control and prevent this serious situation.
Thirdly, the best and the most effective way to prevent illegal stay is to diminish the costs during the proceeding. Because most of expenditure is the commission fees for illegal brokerage firms, it is very necessary to set up a monitoring system for labour migrants who want to go work abroad in Vietnam.

참고자료

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