한국디자인공모전의 태동과 역할 : 상공미술전람회를 중심으로 (A Study on the Dawn and Role of Design Competitions in Korea – Focused on a Commercial and Industrial Design Exhibition Held by the Korean Government)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국디자인학회
· 수록지 정보 : 디자인학연구 / 28권 / 3호 / 203 ~ 217페이지
· 저자명 : 김종균

초록

연구배경 본 연구는 근대 한국디자인공모전의 설립과 운영 등을 살펴, 그 역사적 의의를 찾고, 성과를 분석하는 것을 목적으로 한다.
연구방법 문헌연구를 통해 해방이후부터, 현대에까지 정부가 주도한 디자인공모전을 분석한다. 특히 상공미술전람회를 중심으로 하여 설립배경과 목적, 규정, 초기 10년의 운영, 심사방식, 출품경향과 심사경향, 수상자와 수상작, 출신대학, 각 연도별 이슈를 분석하고 그 성격과 특징, 성과와 문제점을 분석해 본다.
연구결과 상공미전은 국전과 유사한 형태로 설립되었고, 디자인 모방이나 파벌갈등 등의 폐해가 있었으며, 초기 서울대학교 응용미술과가 지대한 영향을 미쳐 컨셉위주의 작품전시회로 변질되었고, 심사위원의 편향성으로 인해 편파적인 심사가 이루어졌다. 또 공예작품의 발전에는 기여한 바가 적다.
결론 상공미전을 통해 디자인 인재양성 및 발굴이 이루어 졌으나, 수출증대라는 본연의 목적은 달성하지 못하였다. 수출 진흥 목적은 이후 포장대전, 굿디자인전 등을 통해 일정부분 달성되었다.

영어초록

Background This study aims to find the historical significance of design competitions and analyze their accomplishments by researching their establishment and operation methods.
Methods The design competitions led by the government from after the liberation of Korea to the contemporary period will be analyzed through a review of the literature. In particular, the establishment contexts and purposes, regulations, operations for the initial 10 years, evaluation methods, entry trends and assessment trends, winners and winning works, affiliated universities, and issues by year will be analyzed around the Commercial and Industrial Design Exhibition, and the following characteristics, properties, achievements and problems will be studied.
Results The Commercial and Industrial Design Exhibition was founded in a similar form as the National Art Exhibition, which had damaging consequences such as design imitation, factional conflicts, etc. It degenerated into a concept- oriented art exhibition as the Department of Applied Art at Seoul National University. It made a huge impact at the beginning, and the biased evaluation was pervasive due to the juries’ inclinations. It merely contributed to the development of craftwork.
Conclusion Though there were attempts to discover and cultivate people who were talented at design through the Commercial and Industrial Design Exhibition, the original goal of increasing the exports, which was set by the Minister of Commerce and Industry, was not accomplished. The goal of export promotion was partially achieved through the ‘Korea Pack’ and the ‘Good Design Exhibition’, etc.

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