총서 ‘불멸의 력사’의 기획 의도와 독법 －‘평화적 민주건설기’ 소재 텍스트를 중심으로- (Aim in Project of “Series the Eternal History”[총서 ‘불멸의 력사’] and How to read these Texts: centering around texts on ‘the peaceful building period of democracy[평화적 민주건설기]’)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국현대소설학회
· 수록지 정보 : 현대소설연구 / 40호 / 293 ~ 312페이지
· 저자명 : 유임하

초록

북한사회가 생산한 ‘총서 ≪불멸의 력사≫’(이하 표기는 ‘총서’)는 체제문학이 낳은 국가 서사(nation-narrative)이다. ‘총서’의 기획은 김일성 중심의 절대 유일 체제의 등장과 함께 성립되었다. 4.15문학창작단은 김일성의 혁명 업적을 시기별로 형상화하는 과업을 부여받은 창작 조직으로 출범하여, ‘당의 혁명문학 건설의 전위대’로서 항일무장투쟁의 신성화, 사회주의 혁명과업 및 김일성의 가계를 신화화를 주도하였다. 이 과정에서 작가들은 당의 실질적인 지배와 감시하에 놓이게 되었다.
‘평화적 민주건설기’를 소재로 한 ‘총서’를 이해하려면, 텍스트의 내적 외적 조건을 모두 고려하는 복합적인 독법이 필요하다. 텍스트 생산을 전후로 한 시기의 북한 정책, 국내외 정세를 비롯해서 텍스트 내부의 인물 및 사건이 갖는 맥락을 함께 고려해야 한다. 이들 텍스트가 생산된 1988-2002년에 이르는 시기에 북한사회는 많은 변화를 거쳤다. 동구권 몰락과 소 연방 해체, 한소 국교체결, 핵확산금지조약(NPT) 탈퇴로 인한 조미간의 군사적 긴장 고조, 남북정상회담 개최와 화해 무드 조성 등이 그러하다.
이같은 점을 고려하여 ‘평화적 민주건설기’ 소재 ‘총서’ 텍스트를 읽어보면, 건당, 건국, 건군에 이르는 국가 이야기로서 체제 내부의 결속을 다지고 인재를 등용하며 ‘남북한의 민족적 단결’을 부각시키는 특징을 보여준다.

영어초록

The North Korean tome, “Series, the Eternal History”(Series henceforth) is a piece of nation-narrative that’s akin to a monster created by the system literature. The Series’ origin can be traced to the Kim Il-sung dictatorship that emerged in teh 1960s and the national art and literature policy based on traditions of anti-Japanese revolutionary literature. Following the unsuccessful challenge to Kim Il-sung’s authority in 1956, Kim became even more of the authoritarian leader. And the 4.15 Literature Creators was assigned the task of classifying Kim’s feats in the revolution in accordance with given time periods. Kim’s son Kim Jung-il was an instrumental figure in the process. This literature group, at the forefront of the establishment of the party’s revolutionary literature, was responsible for sanctifying the armed struggles against Japan, for the socialist revolution, and for deifying the Kim Il-sung household. Against this backdrop, writers were placed under the party’s censorship and its surveillance.
And to appreciate the Series, which concerns the story of peaceful building of democracy, the reader must take into account both domestic and international circumstances in which the book was written. The reader must consider the North Korean policy and the domestic and global situations before and after the publication of the book, and also characters and incidents discussed in the tome as well. That is because North Korea experienced several crises and changes between 1988 and 2002, a period over which this particular series was produced. The examples include: collapse of the Eastern European bloc and the Soviet Union; forming of diplomatic ties between the South Korea and the Soviets; the North’s escalating military tensions with the United States after withdrawing from the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty; and the inter-Korean summit and ensuing reconciliatory mood.
With these in mind, the reader of the Series will learn of the tales of the establishment of the party, the military and the nation. And within these stories, the strengthening of the system, recruiting of the talent, and national solidarity of both Koreas are highlighted. This proves that the Series is a nation-narrative with a complicated purpose of further solidifying the system and to disseminating political messages by combining historical materials from around the time of the national foundation and several political situations at the time of the writing.

참고자료

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