백제불교의 일본 전래시기에 대한 일고찰 (An Inquiry into the Transmission Period of Baekje Buddhism to Japan)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국일본문화학회
· 수록지 정보 : 日本文化學報 / 103호 / 95 ~ 114페이지
· 저자명 : 이다운

초록

本稿では、百済仏教の日本伝来時期に関する既存の研究を再検討し、伝受者中心の観点から離れ、伝播者の立場から新たな視点で分析を行った。その結果、既存の研究で提起された505年説、522年説、538年説、545年説、548年説、552年説の中で、505年説と522年説は私的な伝来であると推定され、545年説と548年説は信憑性が低いと判断した。一方、538年説と552年説が最も有力であると見たが、これは既存の研究と相補的な結果であると言える。そして、伝播者の側面から見ると、538年説は百済の泗沘遷都の時期という点と史料の信憑性から支持されてきたが、当時の百済が日本に仏教を伝える明確な目的がなかったという限界がある。それに対して552年説は、百済が韓半島で孤立した危機的な状況の中で日本の軍事的支援が切実だった時期で、軍事的援助という明確な目的があったため、これを得るために仏教を伝播した可能性が高い。また、東アジアにおける仏教の伝来は、伝播者の利害関係が重視され、東晋や前秦が百済や高句麗に仏教を伝播した理由も、中国内で軍事外交的優位を占めるための目的であったと推定される。このような背景を考慮すると、百済仏教の日本伝来時期は552年説が最も妥当だと判断される。

영어초록

In this study, prior studies on the transmission period of Baekje Buddhism to Japan were reexamined, shifting the analytical perspective from the recipient’s viewpoint to that of the transmitter. Among the proposed dates in previous studies--505, 522, 538, 545, 548, and 552—the 505 and 522 theories were deemed instances of private transmissions, while the 545 and 548 theories were considered to have low credibility. By contrast, the 538 and 552 theories were regarded as the most plausible, yielding results that complement existing research. From the transmitter's perspective, the 538 theory is supported due to Baekje’s relocation of its capital to Sabi and the reliability of historical records. However, this theory is limited by the lack of a clear purpose on Baekje’s part to transmit Buddhism to Japan at that time. In contrast, the 552 theory corresponds to a period in which Baekje, facing isolation on the Korean Peninsula and in desperate need of military support from Japan, likely transmitted Buddhism to secure assistance. Furthermore, throughout the transmission of Buddhism in East Asia, the strategic interests of the transmitter have been a key factor. It is presumed that Eastern Jin and Former Qin transmitted Buddhism to Baekje and Goguryeo with similar motives, aiming to gain military and diplomatic leverage within China. Given this context, the 552 theory is deemed the most reasonable timeline for the transmission of Baekje Buddhism to Japan.

참고자료

· 없음