조선시대 부안 유람 기록에 관한 일고찰 (A Contemplation on Excursion Records of Buan during the Joseon Dynasty)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 동양고전학회
· 수록지 정보 : 동양고전연구 / 89호 / 167 ~ 203페이지
· 저자명 : 김광명

초록

이 논문은 조선시대 부안 유람에 관한 기록을 취합하고 분석하여 부안 유람의 전개 양상을 살펴보고, 부안 지역의 명승을 문헌 자료에 근거하여 그 실상과 의의를 검토하였다.
먼저 부안 유람과 관련된 선행 연구를 전면적으로 검토하였다. 여러 선행 연구 가운데 문헌 자료를 분석한 연구는 전무하다. 이에 조선시대 부안 지역 유람과 관련된 문헌 자료를 분석하여 부안 명승의 가치를 재고하고자 한다. 우선 기존에 알려지지 않았던 부안 유람 자료 5편을 새롭게 발굴하여 총 16편의 부안 유람 기록 목록을 도출하였다. 16편의 작품을 통해 부안 유람의 양상과 시대별 특징을 규정하였다. 이 문헌 자료들은 모두 세밀한 묘사와 문학적 필치로 각 명승을 다양하게 형상화하였고, 부안 지역 명승의 실상을 드러내었다.
부안의 유람이 알려지게 된 데에는 매월당 김시습의 역할이 일정 부분 있었다. 이정귀의 유람 이후 부안은 호남의 대표적인 명승지로 부상하였다. 부안은 문인들의 문학적 형상화를 통해 인문적 가치를 확립하고, 비교와 품평을 통해 지속해서 사람들에게 회자되었다. 부안 명승은 대체로 유흥의 공간으로 인식되었고, 이따금 탈속의 공간으로 인식되기도 하였다. 19세기에 이르러서는 ‘소봉래’라 일컬어지며 호남 지역뿐만 아니라 전국에 그 명성을 떨쳤다.
이로써 오늘날에는 부안의 채석강·적벽강 일원, 직소폭포 일원, 우금바위 일원이 명승으로 지정되기에 이르렀다. 직소폭포는 국내 3대 폭포 중 하나인 송도의 박연폭포, 이백의 여산폭포와 우열을 다투며 명승의 위상을 다졌고, 우금바위 일원은 강세황과 강흔 부자의 유람과 실경산수화 「부안유람도권」의 창작을 통해 명승으로서의 가치가 확고해졌음을 살펴보았다.
유람 기록은 지역 공간의 문화자원으로 충분히 활용될 수 있다. 이 연구를 통해 부안 지역 명승의 가치를 드러내고, 역사적 지식과 지역에 대한 이해를 요하는 문화관광 콘텐츠 개발이 이루어질 수 있도록 기대한다.

영어초록

This study examined the development pattern of excursions in Buan at the time by collecting and analyzing the excursion records of Buan during the Joseon Dynasty and elucidated the fact and significance of the premodern scenic spots in the Buan region based on the literature of the times.
First of all, the precedent studies related to the excursions in Buan were thoroughly investigated on a full scale. As a result of the investigation, it is a fact that no study among many precedent studies has analyzed the literature of the times to reconsider the status of various scenic spots in Buan. In that regard, this study intended to reconsider the value of scenic spots in Buan by analyzing the literature materials related to excursions in the Buan region during the Joseon Dynasty. To that end, the reliability of the study was first improved by reviewing the literature materials employed in the precedent studies. In addition, 5 excursion records of Buan, which were not identified thus far, were newly discovered, thereby resulting in deriving a total of 16 excursion records in Buan. This study defined the development pattern of the excursion records in Buan and the characteristics of each era through the 16 records. All these literature materials embodied each scenic spot variously using detailed descriptions and literary touches and depicted the real shapes of scenic spots in Buan colorfully.
Next, the study analyzed the collected excursion records of Buan, thereby examining the real shapes and significance of the scenic spots in Buan. Kim Si-Seup whose pen name is Maewoldang partly played a certain role in making the excursion spots of Buan known. After Lee Jeong-Gwi's excursion, Buan became on the rise as a representative scenic spot in the Honam area. The humanistic values of Buan were established by literary figures embodying the excursion spots and have been on everyone’s lips through comparison and quality. The scenic spots in Buan were perceived not only as places of entertainment typically but also as spaces for transcendence of the reality occasionally. In reaching the 19th century, Buan was called “Sobongrae” and made its fame throughout the country as well as in the Honam area. As with this, it is possible to know that both the humanistic and historic values of Buan have been established through the excursions and records by the literary figures of the times.
As a result, it has reached that the areas of Chaeseokgang River and Jeokbyeokgang River, Jigso Falls area, and Ugeumbawi Rock area in Buan have been designated as scenic spots. It was possible to confirm that Jigso Falls hardened its status as a scenic spot by competing for superiority and inferiority with the Park Yeon Falls in Songdo which is one of the three major falls in Korea as well as with the Falls in Lushan Mountain of China that appeared in a poem by LI Po (李白). Moreover, in the vicinity of Ugeumbawi Rock, the value as a scenic spot became solidified through the excursions by Kang Se-Hwang and his son, Kang Heun, in the 18th century and the creative work of a real-view landscape painting titled <Buan Yuram Do Gwon>.
The excursion records mentioned thus far are worth being fully utilized as a cultural resource for local places. However, it is the current situation that the utilization of those materials is a challenge due to insufficient research based on literature materials. It is hoped that this study would help elucidate the value of scenic spots in the Buan region and develop the cultural tourism contents that require historical knowledge and understanding of regions based on literature records.

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