일제강점기 초등교육에 있어서의 ‘일본문학’-교과서 및 교육관련 사료를 통해 본 교육과 수용 실태조사- (‘Japanese literature’ in the Elementary school during the Rule of Japanese Imperialism)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국일어일문학회
· 수록지 정보 : 일어일문학연구 / 87권 / 2호 / 377 ~ 398페이지
· 저자명 : 김영심

초록

日本は1910年8月22日に「韓日併合に関する条約」が調印されるやいなや数回にわたって朝鮮教育令を公布して教科書を改訂し、彼らの統治理念を強化する重要な手段として自国の文学を朝鮮の学生たちに教育した。教育は教科書改訂によって総5期に分かれており36年間、植民地朝鮮で発行した教科書の中の国語教科書は130数冊、そのうち小学校の国語の教科書は74数冊にのぼる。この国語教科書を通じて、日本文學教育は日本の国内で吹いた1930年代の国家主義の動きと連動して、朝鮮でも1930年代に強調された。主に日本内地で用いられた教科書の中の文學教材がほとんどで、古事記、日本書紀、風土記、平家物語、今昔物語、御伽草子、徒然草、枕草子、和歌、竹取物語、源氏物語など、日本の精神と国体を教育させるに適合したものである。「文学」「文学的情緒」を培うための教育ではなく、日本の国体を理解させることに専念したもので、難しい文章が多く、一線の教師と朝鮮の児童たちはとても困惑した。帝国の目的は壮大だったが、植民地の初等教育における日本文学の受容は入試のための暗記中心のものに過ぎなかった。文教教育の主体と客体の間の認識には大きな差があった。またイギリス·インド·英文学で見られる欧州の被支配者に対する「文明化」と「価値と地位附与」は日本·朝鮮·日本文学には生じなかった。「同化と排除」で特徴づけられる日本植民主義は朝鮮における日本文学教育を通じても明らかになるものであった。

영어초록

Japan announced <Chosun Gyoyukryeong> in 1910 and then revised Japanese textbooks. They taught Chosun students Japanese literature to strengthen national ideology. Education is divided into 5 periods. Japanese textbooks which had been published during 36 years in Chosun were approximately 130 kinds of books. Textbooks for elementary school reached to about 74 books. Education of Japanese literature had been emphasized, especially in the 1930s. Most of textbooks were imported/copied from the mainland Japan/Japan’s elementary textbooks. They were [Nihonshoki],[Fudoki],[Konjakumonogatari],[HeiKeiMonogatari],[Otogizosi],[Tsurezuregusa], [Makuranososi], [Taketori monogarari] and Waka etc. which were suitable for educating Japanese national ideology and KOKUTAI. These texts were not for cultivating Literature and literature emotion, but for understanding Japanese KOKUTAI. So difficult and tough sentences made most of Chosun teachers and students feel very difficult to understand them. Purpose of Japanese imperialism were very magnificent, but accepting Japanese literature were only an educational system that was focused around cramming and memorization. We could find different purposes between imperialism education of Japan and elementary one of Chosun in Literature education.
And We could find different thing between British imperialism and Japanese imperialism that characterized by Assimilation and Exclusion

참고자료

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