의례에 나타난 죽음이해의 다양성과 통일성 ― 인민사원, 도곤부족, 바하이신앙의 사례를 중심으로 ― (Diversity and Unity of the Perceptions of Death in Rituals : The Cases of People's Temple, Dogon, and Bahai Faith)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 한국종교학회
· 수록지 정보 : 종교연구 / 56호 / 183 ~ 220페이지
· 저자명 : 안신

초록

This paper is to examine the religious meaning and function in festival as a ritual by analyzing three religious minorities' worldviews of death and life. In ancient and modern societies, festivals give special meanings to humanity in daily life by reconstructing the memories of the past and guiding the path of the future. Scholars in ritual studies have attempted to classify rituals into various types, but I emphasize the relations between ritual and its understanding of death. First, the members of Peoples Temple, who had formed a peace community in Jonestwon, South America, performed the ritual of 'white night' in November, 1978. 914 bodies were founded. Outsiders of this community regard this event as 'a mass suicide,' but its insiders believed that their decision was a revolutionary action to the next world of peace and justice. For them, People's Temple was an ideal community for equality and love.
Second, the Dogon in West Africa have practiced 'Sigui festival' every sixty year. They make a new mask for ancestors, having a festival for drinking and dancing. Sacrifices to ancestors make it possible not only to strengthen a network of life and order with community but also to bring back a peace into the world. Remembering the death of first ancestors, they renew the power of life and enhance the solidarity of community.
Third, Korean Bahais keep the '19-Day Feast' to celebrate the suffering and death of two Manifestations of God, Bab and Bahaullah, who died under the persecution of Islam and Muslims. This festival breaks down the dualism of the sacred and the profane, interconnecting parts of prayer, administration, and fellowship. They believe in the spiritual growth after death and the progressive revelation through of prophets.
In conclusion, these festivals as religious rituals show us the diversity and unity of religious imagination in understanding death and performing ritual. Many festivals seem to be routine in modern Korea, but people still need religious meanings and functions in their daily lives.

영어초록

This paper is to examine the religious meaning and function in festival as a ritual by analyzing three religious minorities' worldviews of death and life. In ancient and modern societies, festivals give special meanings to humanity in daily life by reconstructing the memories of the past and guiding the path of the future. Scholars in ritual studies have attempted to classify rituals into various types, but I emphasize the relations between ritual and its understanding of death. First, the members of Peoples Temple, who had formed a peace community in Jonestwon, South America, performed the ritual of 'white night' in November, 1978. 914 bodies were founded. Outsiders of this community regard this event as 'a mass suicide,' but its insiders believed that their decision was a revolutionary action to the next world of peace and justice. For them, People's Temple was an ideal community for equality and love.
Second, the Dogon in West Africa have practiced 'Sigui festival' every sixty year. They make a new mask for ancestors, having a festival for drinking and dancing. Sacrifices to ancestors make it possible not only to strengthen a network of life and order with community but also to bring back a peace into the world. Remembering the death of first ancestors, they renew the power of life and enhance the solidarity of community.
Third, Korean Bahais keep the '19-Day Feast' to celebrate the suffering and death of two Manifestations of God, Bab and Bahaullah, who died under the persecution of Islam and Muslims. This festival breaks down the dualism of the sacred and the profane, interconnecting parts of prayer, administration, and fellowship. They believe in the spiritual growth after death and the progressive revelation through of prophets.
In conclusion, these festivals as religious rituals show us the diversity and unity of religious imagination in understanding death and performing ritual. Many festivals seem to be routine in modern Korea, but people still need religious meanings and functions in their daily lives.

참고자료

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