元代 농업의 발달과 高麗에 끼친 생활상의 영향 (Study on Development of Agriculture in Yuan Dynasty and Influence on Goryeo Lifestyle)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 비교민속학회
· 수록지 정보 : 비교민속학 / 60호 / 211 ~ 254페이지
· 저자명 : 최덕경

초록

원대 農桑위주의 농업정책의 결과물인 농작물과 織物의 생산실태를 살펴보고, 산출된 각종 絲織品이 국내외의 시장에 어떻게 유통되고, 인접 국가에 어떤 영향을 끼쳤는지를 검토해볼 것이다. 이를 위해 農桑業의 생산과 유통의 실태와 木綿의 재배를 살폈다. 衣食재료의 발달과 함께 출현한 調理書인 음선정요 와 木綿생산은 당시 서민의 의식생활에 중요한 작용을 했으며, 이것이 고려왕조에 유입되어 우리의 의식생활에도 많은 영향을 끼쳤다. 본고가 주목한 당시 음식소재는 인삼, 포도주, 燒酒, 생선회, 湯과 국[羹]문화 및 생선매운탕이며, 의류는 木綿이다. 특히 공민왕21년(1372)에는 원조정본농상집요 를 편찬하여 원대의 先進 농업기술과 상품작물을 재배하여 사회경제의 변화를 모색하기도 했다. 하지만 朝鮮 初에는 이 농서를 수용할 준비가 갖추어져 있지 않았음을 밝혔다.

영어초록

This research aimed at investigating the actual state of production of agricultural product and textile, the output of agriculture and silkworm farming, and investigating how new textile was imported while Yuan dynasty was expanded, also, how the products were traded in domestic and overseas. Particularly, this research intended to review the relation between the culture that takes the majority of our food and clothing with Yuan dynasty agriculture and silkworm farming culture.
According to Doyijiryak , Yuan traded with 220 countries and ports during that time, representative regions were Philippines, Indonesian archipelago, and Indo-China. Representative products imported during that period were cotton and spices. Chinese cotton was already imported with African wild cotton and Asian cotton from the West Asia and southern area, however it regularly began to be imported from Yuan dynasty, which could be determined through the regional tax payment for cotton.
According to 'Eumseonjeongyo' , to preserve health through food, the actual state of Yuan lifestyle culture and the effect of it on Goryeo lifestyle. Among them, wine, soju, sushi, stew and soup[羹] culture and hot fish stew, etc. are Korean representative foods today. These seemed to have been introduced by those who visited Yuan during late Goryeo and stayed in Goryeo, and settled as the major food culture of Korean Peninsula. Also, the introduced cotton acted an important role in the clothing life of ordinary people. Also, they intended to reconstruct social economy of late Goryeo, which was gloomy, by introducing the advanced agricultural technique suggested in Yuan dynasty Nongsangjibyo , however strong economic drive of Yuan dynasty could not be adopted by compiling through selecting only the contents proper for someJoseon trend, since the condition of Goryeo was not prepared to accept it.

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