신라 왕릉의 새로운 비정 (A New Designation of Silla Royal Tombs)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : (사)한국문화유산협회
· 수록지 정보 : 야외고고학 / 15호 / 175 ~ 207페이지
· 저자명 : 김용성, 강재현

초록

신라의 왕릉은 호석을 포함한 봉분의 외표시설을 기준으로하고 여기에 능원에 설치된 시설, 입지 등에 의한 분류를 통하여 그 변천을 살필 수 있고, 봉분의 크기도 단락을 지으며 축소된다. 그 가운데 봉분의 외표시설이 신라 왕릉의 변천을 살피는데 가장민감하여 그 기준이 된다. 신라 왕릉은 지금까지 비정된 것 가운데 비교적 안정적으로인정되는 무열왕릉을 포함한 서악동 왕릉군, 선덕여왕릉, 신문왕릉(전진평왕릉), 효소왕릉(전신문왕릉), 흥덕왕릉에 대한 앞의 분류형식이 변화하는 양상에서 그 대략적인변천 양상을 찾을 수 있고, 여기에 더하여 조사된 전헌강왕릉, 전민애왕릉 등과 용강동고분, 황성동석실묘, 전신덕왕릉, 구정동방형분 등의 고고학 자료에 대한 지금까지의편년을 통해 분류한 각 형식의 변천상을 읽어낼 수 있다.
이를 기준으로 신라의 왕릉은 마립간기의 대능원지구 대형분, 중고기 초기의 서악동왕릉군, 중고기 후기의 선덕여왕릉, 중대 전기의 무열왕릉, 신문왕릉, 효소왕릉, 중대후기의 왕릉으로 전민애왕릉(혜공왕릉?), 하대 전기의 왕릉으로 괘릉(원성왕릉), 흥덕왕릉, 하대 중기 이후의 왕릉으로 전경덕왕릉(희강왕릉?), 전김유신묘(신무왕릉?), 전진덕여왕릉(문성왕릉?), 구정동방형분(경문왕릉?)을 비정할 수 있다. 이외 전헌덕왕릉을 중고기의 진평왕릉이 흥덕왕 무렵에 개축된 것으로 볼 여지가 있으며, 구황동 추정왕릉지는 하대 중후기 민애왕릉의 가능성이 높다. 또 전성덕왕릉은 그것이 왕릉이라면혜공왕대에 개축된 성덕왕릉일 가능성이 있다.

영어초록

Silla royal tombs can be categorized according to the burial mound and outer facilities, tomb location and the facilities found beyond the boundary of the royal tomb,and it is according to these features that diachronic change can be observed for the tombs. Mound size appears to have been reduced over time. Of these features, the outer faculties of the burial mound were found to be most temporally sensitive. This changing nature of Silla royal tombs was identified through the examination of the Royal Tombs of Seoak-dong (which includes the Royal Tomb of King Muyeol), the Royal Tomb of Queen Seondeok, the Royal Tomb of King Sinmun (previously known as the Royal Tomb of King Jinpyeong), the Royal Tomb of King Hyoso (previously known as the Royal Tomb of King Sinmun), and the Royal Tomb of King Heungdeok, which are known to have been definite royal tombs. Addition tombs (the tombs known as the Royal Tombs of King Heongang, King Minae, and Sindeok, the Yonggang-dong tomb, the Hwangseongdong stone chamber tomb, and the Gujeong-dong square-shaped tomb) were also analyzed according to the current chronological framework in order to observe how the different burial types may have changed over time.
Based on the analysis, the following can be designated as Silla royal tombs: the large-scale tombs of the Daeneungwon complex for the Maripgan period, the Seoak-dong royal tombs for the early part of the middle-old period, the Royal Tomb of Queen Seondeok for the latter part of the middle-old period, the Royal Tombs of Kings Muyeol,Sinmun, and Hyoso for the early part of the middle period, the tomb known as the Royal Tomb of King Minae (possibly the Royal Tomb of King Hyegong) for the latter part of the middle period, Gwaereung (The Royal Tomb of King Wonseong) and the Royal Tombs of King Heungdeok for the early part of the late period, and the tomb known as the Royal Tomb of King Gyeongdeok (possibly the Royal Tomb of King Huigang), the tomb known as the tomb of General Kim Yushin (possibly the Royal Tomb of King Sinmu), the tomb known as the Royal Tomb of Queen Jindeok (possibly the Royal Tomb of King Munseong), and the Gujeong-dong square-shaped tomb (possibly the Royal Tomb of King Gyeongmun) for the middle part of the late period and beyond. It is also possible that the tomb known as the Royal Tomb of King Heondeok was originally the Royal tomb of King Jinpyeong, dating to the middle-old period, which was rebuilt during the region of King Heungdeok. The Guwhang-dong tomb may possibly be the Royal Tomb of King Minae, and if the tomb known as the Royal Tomb of King Seongdeok was indeed the resting place of King Seongdeok, it is likely that the structure was rebuilt during the reign of King Hyegong.

참고자료

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