황룡사 강경법회 -신라 강경법회의 유형과 관련하여- (Buddhist Lecture Meeting in Hwangnyongsa Temple -In Relation to Two Type of Buddhist Lecture Meeting in Silla Dynasty－)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 고려사학회
· 수록지 정보 : 韓國史學報 / 67호 / 143 ~ 177페이지
· 저자명 : 김복순

초록

황룡사는 신라 진흥왕대에 창건(553)되어 고려 후기 몽고의 침략으로 1238년 전소되기까지 685년간 존속하면서 강당에서 수많은 강경법회가 개최되었다. 신라 황룡사는 왕경의 국찰로서 국가 규모의 강경법회를 개최하였고 원광, 자장, 원효에 의한 강경 기록이 남아있다. 본고에서는 먼저 황룡사 강경법회의 사례를 각 왕대 별로 나누어 살펴보았다. 다음으로 황룡사 강경법회의 준비와 진행에 관한 내용이다. 준비는 텍스트로서의 경전을 정하고, 국왕의 치병, 국태민안 등의 목적을 분명히 한 후, 강사를 선정하여 강경안을 작성하게 한 다음, 참석대상을 확정하고 황룡사 강당 내지 마당에 천막을 쳐서 장소를 확보하였다. 그리고 강경일의 택일과 사부대중의 참석 권유, 유나승과 식순을 확정지은 후 강경법회를 식순에 의거하여 진행하였다. 마지막으로 신라 강경법회의 유형과 변화이다. 황룡사와 같은 국찰에서는 국왕과 대신 등을 위해 강경안이 마련되어졌으나, 의상이나 승전 등의 강경법회는 강경 후 제자들이 강의안을 작성하고 있어, 실로 두 유형의 강경법회가 존재하였음이 보인다. 또한 신라 황룡사 강경법회는 교종 승에 의해 주도된 국가 규모의 강경법회가 그 모습에서 점차 형식화되어 가다가, 신라 말 선종의 영향으로 선교통설(禪敎通說)의 변화가 보이고 있다.

영어초록

Buddhist lecture meeting (Ganggyeong-BeopHoe) was held many times at the lecture hall of Hwangnyongsa Temple for 685 years, from 553 when it was built in the reign of King Jinheung in Shilla dynasty to 1238 when it was completely destroyed by the invading Mongol army in the late period of Goryeo Dynasty. Buddhist lecture meeting was held on a national scale at Hwangnyongsa Temple, a national temple in the capital of Silla Dynasty, and the records of Buddhist lecture meeting performed by monk Won-Gwang, Ja-Jang and Won-Hyo remained. First, this study investigated the cases of Buddhist lecture meeting held at Hwangnyongsa Temple according to “each period of kings” in Silla Dynasty. Second, this study addressed preparation and progress of Buddhist lecture meeting at Hwangnyongsa Temple. Buddhist scripture was selected as a text for the meeting, and a clear purpose was established such as curing King's diseases or prosperity and welfare of the country. Then, “participants for” the meeting were selected and a camp was set up at the lecture hall or yard of the temple after Ganggyeonan (plan for lecture meeting) was made by a lecturer who was selected for the meeting. After picking the date for the meeting and inviting monks and Bodhisattvas(the laity) to attend the meeting, the order of the meeting was organized in consultation with Buddhist rector and the meeting was conducted according to the order. Finally, this study investigated types and changes of Buddhist lecture meeting in Silla dynasty. There were two types of Buddhist lecture meeting; In national temples including Hwangnyongsa Temple, Ganggyeonan was prepared for king and ministers, but in other Buddhist lecture meetings performed by Eui-Sang, Seung-Jeon and Jin-Pyo, their disciples prepared lecture materials after the lecture. The Buddhist lecture meeting at Hwangnyongsa Temple was originally national- scale meeting led by monks of dogmatic Buddhism, but it was formalized and finally showed a changes of integration of dogmatic and Zen Buddhism under the influence of Zen Buddhism at the end of Silla dynasty.

참고자료

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