高麗大藏經에 나타난 悉曇梵字에 대하여 (A Study on Sil-dam-bum-ja Represented in the Tripiṭka Koreana)

서지정보

· 발행기관 : 인도철학회
· 수록지 정보 : 인도철학 / 32호 / 167 ~ 192페이지
· 저자명 : 이태승

초록

동아시아에 전해진 불교경전은 인도의 언어인 범어를 표기한 문자 즉 범자로 기록되어 전해졌다. 이렇게 전해진 범자는 일반적으로 실담범자라 불리고 있으며, 이것은 동아시아 실담학에 큰 영향을 끼친 중국의 지광이 저술한 『실담자기』에 의거한 것이라 생각된다. 즉 『실담자기』는 중국에서 만들어졌지만 일본에 전승되어 많은 주석서가 저술되는 등 오늘날에 이르기까지 상당한 영향을 끼치고 있다. 이렇게 동아시아에서는 일본 등을 중심으로 실담범자의 연구전통이 전승되는 가운데 우리나라에서도 실담범자의 전통이 계승되고 있는 것을 살펴볼 수 있다. 곧 조선시대에 판각되어 유통된 『진언집』에 나타난 실담범자의 전통은 우리나라에서도 실담범자에 대한 연구가 꾸준히 계속되고 있던 것을 보여준다. 조선시대 『진언집』이 시대에 따라 판각되어 전승되는 까닭에 조선시대의 실담범자 모습은 잘 확인된다. 이렇게 확인된 조선시대 실담범자를 고려대장경에 나타나는 실담범자와 비교 대조해 봄으로써 한국의 실담범자 전통을 재확인해보고자 하는 것이 본 논문의 목적이다.

영어초록

Among the Bum-ja(梵字, Sanskrit letter), letters for writing Sanskrit language, especially Sil-dam-bum-ja (Siddham letter) is the representative one which has introduced to East Asia. The texts of Buddhist canons from India are translated into Chinese characters in East Asia. Sil-dam-bum-ja, namely, is the presentative letter which writes those Indian Buddhist canons written in Indian scripts. From the Common Era, the introduction of Buddhism made translations of Buddhist canons over the years. Though Sanskrit manuscripts as the original canonical text were not known, the scripts written in those canons have become known later as Sil-dam-bum-ja. I think that the reason to be known as Sil-dam-bum-ja is an influence of Sil-dam-ja-gi(悉曇字記) written by Chinese monk Ji-kwang(智廣) in Tang dynasty. Especially this book played a significant role on establishing the basis of the studies on Sil-dam-bum-ja. Though it is hard to make certain that the book has really introduced in Korea or China because there are not any commentaries or researches left, but the tradition in japan played a huge role on making canonical languages as Sil-dam-bum-ja. Compared to Japanese tradition, in Korea there were also a tradition of studies an Sil-dam-bum-ja as we can find in Jin-eon-jip(眞言集) etc. in Chosun dynasty. The explanations of Sil-dam-bum-ja in Jin-eon-jip indicate that there were some traditions of studies on Sanskrit letter or Sanskrit language in Korea. Based on the restored Sanskrit letters in Jin-eon-jip which I tried to do it previously, I will restore the traditional figure of Sanskrit letters used in Korea by confirming the Sil-dam-bum-ja engraved in the Tripiṭka Koreana at first, and comparing the Sil-dam-bum-ja with other Sanskrit letter in Koryo and Chosun dynasty and Japanese Tradition. According to my inspection, we can find some significant points as following, (1) Both of the Sil-dam-bum-ja represented in the Tripiṭaka Koreana and in relics have almost same writing system. It can be regarded that the writing system of Sanskrit letter in the Tripiṭka Koreana was a standard of the most texts of relics which were written in Sil-dam-bum-ja at that period. (2) The System of Sil-dam-bum-ja in the Tripiṭaka Koreana is almost same as the system of Sanskrit letter in Chosun dynasty as well as in Koryo dynasty. It means that the system of Sanskrit letter of Korea was developed and had been based on coherent writing system until Chosun dynasty. (3) System of Sanskrit letter of Korea throughout Koryo and Chosun period maintained and preserved their own tradition which are distinguished from Japanese one. Especially the difference of the figure of Sanskrit letters between Korea and Japan show their own characteristics related with the tradition of Sil-dam-bum-ja.

참고자료

· 없음